Anatomical Guide

Question 1

Anatomical Guides

Answer 1

Using an adjacent or known prominent structure to locate a blood vessel

Question 2

Linear Guide

Answer 2

An imaginary line drawn or visualized on a body to approximate the location of a deep blood vessel

Question 3

Anatomical Limit

Answer 3

Anatomical structures that make the extreme borders of a blood vessel

Question 4

Anterior triangle of neck

Answer 4

Used to find common carotid artery

• Superior: mandible
• Medial: midline of neck
• Lateral: anterior border of SCM

Question 5

Common carotid and jugular veins

Answer 5

• Linear Guide: Line that extends from the sternoclavicular notch
• Anatomical Guide: medial border of the SCM muscle. The common carotids are generally posterior and medial to the jugular vein
• Anatomical limit:
  
  • Right common carotid: Begins at SC notch and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage
  • Left common carotid: Begins at second costal cartilage and extends as above

Question 6

Facial artery

Answer 6

• Linear guide: line extending along the inferior border of the mandible, just anterior to the angle of the mandible
• Anatomical guide: located in the arc of the mandible
• Where to incise: a transverse incision is made along the arc of the mandible

Question 7

Axillary artery and vein

Answer 7

• Linear guide: a line in the center of the axillary space along the base of the axillary space
• Anatomical guide: located behind the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle
• Anatomical limit: begins at a point at the lateral border of the first rib and extends to the inferior border of the tendon of the trees major muscle

Question 8

Brachial artery

Answer 8

• Linear guide: line from the base of axillary space to 1 inch distal to the elbow joint
• Anatomical guide: posterior to medial border of belly of biceps brachii muscle
• Anatomical limit: begins at inferior border of tendon of teres major muscle and terminates 1 inch distal to elbow

Question 9

Radial artery

Answer 9

• Linear guide: line on the surface of the skin of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to the base of the thumb
• Anatomical guide: lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpiradialis muscle and just medial to the tendon of the brachioradialis muscle
• Anatomical limit: extends about 1 inch below the antecubital fossa to a point over the thenar eminence

Question 10

Ulnar artery

Answer 10

• Linear guide: line on the skin from the center of the antecubital fossa on the forearm to a point between the 4th and 5th fingers
• Anatomical guide: lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and medial to the flexor digitorum superficialis
• Anatomical limit: extends about 1 inch below the antecubital fossa to a point over the pisiform bone (hypothenar)

Question 11

Femoral Artery

Answer 11

• Linear guide: Draw a line that extends from the center of the inguinal ligament to medial condyle of femur
• Anatomical guide: center of femoral triangle
  
  • Medial: adductor longus muscle
  • Lateral: Sartorius muscle
• Anatomical limit: posterior to inguinal ligament to opening in adductor magnus muscle

Question 12

Popliteal Artery

Answer 12

• Linear guide: line on the surface of the skin from the center of the superior border of the popliteal space parallel to the long axis of the lower extremity to the center of the inferior border of the popliteal space
• Anatomical guide: located between the popliteal surface of the femur and the oblique popliteal ligament
• Anatomical limit: extends from the femoral artery at a point beginning at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle to the lower border of the popliteal muscle

Question 13

Anterior Tibial Artery

Answer 13

• Linear guide: line from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle
• Anatomical guide: located in the groove between the tibialis anterior muscle and the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus muscle
• Anatomical limit: begins at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle and ends in the anterior surface of the ankle

Question 14

Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 14

• Linear guide: a line from the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus bone
• Anatomical guide: located between the posterior border of the tibia and the calcaneus tendon
• Anatomical limit: begins inferior to the border of the popliteous muscle and ends at the heel near the medial malleolus

Question 15

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

Answer 15

• Linear guide: line from the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint to a point midway between the first and second toes
• Anatomical guide: located just lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon