Anatomical and directional terminology Flashcards
Cephalic
Head
Cervical
neck
trunk
chest, abdomen and pelvis
Thoracic
chest/upper back
lumbar
lower back
gluteal
buttock
Brachial
arm (shoulder to elbow_
Antebrachial
Forearm (elbow to wrist)
Carpal
wrist
Palmar/dorsal
hand (palmer faces forwar)
Femoral
thigh (hip to knee)
crural
leg (knee to ankle
Tarsal
ankle
plantar/dorsal
Foot (plantar makes contact with ground)
Cranial cavity
formed by cranial bones and contains brain
Vertebral cavity
formed by vertebral column and contains spinal cord and the beginnings of spinal nerves
Thoracic cavity
chest cavity; contains pleural and pericardial cavities and mediastinum
Pleural cavity
a potential space between the layers of the pleura that surrounds a lung
Pericardial cavity
a potential space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart
Mediastinum
central portion of thoracic cavity between the lungs; extends from sternum to vertebral column and from first rib to diaphragm; contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels
Abdominopelvic cavity
subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavities
Abdominal cavity
Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver, and other organs
Pelvic cavity
contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction
Lateral
further away from the midline of the body
Medial
toward the midline of the body
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment (shoulder or hip)
Distal
Further away from the point of attachment
Superior (cranial)
toward the head
Inferior (caudal)
away from the head
Posterior (dorsal)
Toward the back of the body
Anterior (ventral)
Towards the front
SUperficial
toward the surface of the body
Deep
Away from the surface of the body
Ipsilateral
on the same side of the body
Contralateral
on the opposite side of the body
Sagittal plane
Vertical plane that divides the body into left and right. Midsagittal means two sides are equal. Parasagittal means unequal
Frontal (coronal) plane
vertical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
Transverse plane
Horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts.