Anato block II: Axilla & Brachial plexus Flashcards
By what is the axilla composed
imaginary space
anterior wall of axilla:
-pectoralis major
-pectoralis minor
medial wall of axilla:
-serratus anterior
-4th rib
posterior wall of axilla:
-humerus
-teres major
-latissimus dorsi
-subscapularis
-scapula
intertubercular sulcus (lateral wall of axilla)
What does the axillary artery supply?
Supplies the wall of the axilla and the related regions and continues as the mayor blood supply
What are the axillary artery margins?
from clavicle to inferior border of teres major
The first part of the axillary artery starts and ends where?
from clavicle to superior border of pectoralis minor
The second part of the axillary artery starts and ends where?
under pectoralis minor
The third part of the axillary artery starts and ends where?
from inferior border of pectoralis minor to teres major
What are the 6 direct ramifications of the axillary artery?
- superior/supreme thoracic artery
- Thoracoacromial artery
- Lateral thoracic artery
- Subscapular artery
- Anterior circumflex humeral artery
- Posterior circumflex humeral artery
How many ramifications does the thoracoacromial artery have?
4
What are the ramifications of the subscapular artery?
Circumflex scapular branch artery
Thoracodorsal artery
Which arteries come from the brachial artery? (direct ramifications
- Profunda brachii artery
- Humeral nutrient artery
- Superior ulnar collateral artery
- Inferior ulnar collateral artery
What are the ramifications of the profunda brachii artery?
Radial collateral artery and middle collateral artery
The brachial artery divides into?
Radial artery and ulnar artery
What irrigates the deep part of the arm?
Common interosseous artery
What are the ramifications of the common interosseous artery?
Posterior interosseous artery and anterior interosseous artery
What are the veins of the arm?
- Axillary vein
- Basilic vein penetrating deep fascia
- Cephalic vein
Which vein drains in the axillary vein?
Basilic vein
What anastomoses with the cephalic and basilic vein?
median cubital vein
How do veins drain?
With muscle contraction and valve does not allow to return
What is the deltopectoral triangle?
allows cephalic vein to enter and drain on the axillary vein
Which is the first lymph node?
cubital lymph nodes
Mention the lymphatic drainage of the upper limb and the order
Digits: lymphatic vessels
hand: lymphatic plexus of palm
1st lymph node: cubital lymph nodes
-subscapular lymph nodes (posterior)
-pectoral axillary lymph nodes (anterior)
-humeral axillary lymph nodes (lateral)
-central axillary lymph nodes
-deltopectoral lymph nodes
-apical axillary lymph nodes
What is the brachial plexus?
It is a somatic plexus of nerves formed by
the anterior rami of C5 to T1.
Where does the brachial plexus originate ?
Originates in the neck, passes laterally and
inferiorly over the first rib and enters the
axilla
Explain the brachial plexus
