ANAT 6 Cervical Angiology and Neurology Flashcards
carotid sheath houses?
HN: Carotid Sheath houses the Common Carotid A., the Internal Jugular V. and the Vagus N
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity syndrome?
what is it?
can cause?
CN: Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity Syndrome: The Carotid sinus may be hypersensitive to pressure, therefore excessive pressure to the Carotid Sinus can produce slow heart rate, drop in blood pressure and fainting.
Carotid bodies aka?
exist where? monitor what?
what adjustments can be made?
via what nerves?
CN: Carotid Bodies (chemoreceptors) exist at the Carotid Sinus and monitor the oxygen content of blood before it reaches the brain. Adjustments to heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure can be made accordingly based on the oxygen content in the Carotid Sinus via the Glossopharyngeal N. and Vagus N.
subclavian vein puncture
subclavian V often point of entry for?
CN: Subclavian Vein Puncture: The Subclavian V. is often the point of entry for central line placement, or other diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
internal jugular vein puncture
may have what type? for what purposes?
prefer right or left? why?
CN: Internal Jugular Vein Puncture: The Internal Jugular may also have a needle or catheter placed in it for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The right Internal Jugular V. is typically preferred since it is larger and straighter.
Central line placement
used to?
CN: Central Line Placement: Central Lines are used to administer venous nutritional fluids and medications and to measure central venous pressure.
external jugular vein prominence?
acts as an internal _____
when high?
can be used as diagnostic tool for?
CN: External Jugular Venous Pressure: The External Jugular V. may serve as an “internal barometer” since when venous pressure rises the External Jugular V. is much more prominent along it’s course on the lateral Neck. This can be used a s a diagnostic tool for conditions such as heart failure, Superior Vena Cava obstruction, enlarged Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes or increased intrathoracic pressure.
how do the superficial lymph nodes drain?
deep lymph nodes drainage?
trunks and ducts (lymph)
left vs right
lymphatic drainage
right vs left whole body?
lymphoid organs?
Lymphatic Organs
a. Lingual Tonsil (on the Root of the Tongue)
b. Palatine Tonsils (lymphoid tissue on either side of the Oropharynx between the Palatoglossal and Palatopharyngeal Arches)
c. Pharyngeal Tonsil (Adenoids; lymphoid tissue in the superior most part of the Nasopharynx)
tonsillectomy of palatine tonsils?
removal due to?
vulnerable to injury?
also removed here?
CN: Tonsilectomy of the Palatine Tonsils is a removal of the Palatine Tonsils due to their inflammation obstructing the communication between the Oral Cavity and the Oropharynx. Due to the presence of the Tonsilar A., Glossopharyngeal N. and Internal Carotid A. tonsilectomy makes these vessels and nerves vulnerable to injury. Pharyngeal Tonsils are typically also removed in the procedure.
adenoiditis?
can cause?
CN: Adenoiditis is an inflammation of the Pharyngeal Tonsils obstructing the nasal passageways. This can cause hearing impairment and lead to Otitis Media.
tonsillectomy of the lingual tonsil?
due to?
CN: Tonsillectomy of the Lingual Tonsil is a removal of the Lingual Tonsil due to inflammation and obstruction of the respiratory or alimentary tracts.
tonsilloliths
what are they? form where?
CN: Tonsilloliths (Tonsil Stones) are calcifications that form in the crypts of the Palatine Tonsils.
recurrent laryngeal N
right vs left
Recurrent Laryngeal N. (on the right side originates from the Vagus N. in the Neck travels under the right Subclavian A. and returns to the Larynx. On the Left side originates from the Vagus N. in the Thorax, travels under the Aortic Arch and returns to the Larynx)
inferior laryngeal N vs recurrent laryngeal N
Recurrent Laryngeal N. (on the right side originates from the Vagus N. in the Neck travels under the right Subclavian A. and returns to the Larynx. On the Left side originates from the Vagus N. in the Thorax, travels under the Aortic Arch and returns to the Larynx)
- Inferior Laryngeal N. (continuation of Recurrent Laryngeal N., just before reaching the Larynx)
the cranial nerves in the neck?
- Vagus N.
- Spinal Accessory N.
- Hypoglossal N.
sympathetic NS what level does the cervical presynaptic fibers synapse/come from?
only this option
lesions of cervical sympathetic trunk?
leads to?
CN: Lesions of the Cervical Sympathetic Trunk result in a condition known as Horner Syndrome which is characterized by the following symptoms: Miosis (pupil constriction), Ptosis (drooping of the upper Eyelid), Enophthalmos (sinking of the Eye) and Anhydrosis (vasodilation and lack of sweating on the Face and Neck.
