ANAT 3 Visual Tracts

Question 1

the visual system

formation of? by?

information is transduced by?

what axons form visual pathway?

relayed to what cortex? via?

pathway has a precise ______ arrangement of fibers that is maintained where? retina?

Answer 1

Question 2

visual fields

what is it?

light passes from? through the? image upon the? creates a?

object of attention focused and centered at location of?

medial to macula is the? region where?

Answer 2

Question 3

visual fields into what zones? (2)

what are each zone?

retinal fields? what is this?

visual fields divided into? these are divided into?

visual system lesions described in terms of?

Answer 3

Question 4

image formed on retina is?

left half of visual field forms an image upon what portion of each retina?

right?

Answer 4

Question 5

Question 6

decussation of CN I

type of decussation? where?

what portion ipsi vs contra?

optic tract= what?

what is it necessary to have each tract combine ipsi and contra?

Answer 6

Question 7

optic tract pathway. curves around? terminate in?

layers? fibers terminate in what pattern?

ventral base of nucleus formed by?

dorsal/lateral borders formed by?

Answer 7

Question 8

subdivide the LGN into what layers? broken into what criteria?

axons sorted by?

pattern in each layer?

numbered from what to what? (medial/lateral/dorsal/ventral)

Answer 8

Question 9

layers 1-2? (location)

cell size? receive ganglion cell inputs relaying from? function of these?

layers 3-6 (location)

cell size? receive ganglion cell inputs relaying from? function of these?

Answer 9

Question 10

ipsi and contra layers

for next two ipsi or contra?

ganglion cell axons that arise in temporal retina? terminate in what layers?

axons from nasal retina? terminate in what layers?

look at right/left visual field where are each sends axons to?

Answer 10

Question 11

point in visual field is represented how many times?

once in each? located at what positions?

how?

map progresses withi9n visual space from _____ to _____

layers also run in what way?

Answer 11

Question 12

optic radiations

secondary neurons from LGN extend what?

what is maintained? but?

relay to what cortex? located where?

also referred to as what pathway?

Answer 12

Question 13

optic radiations are what?

1. fibers from lower quadrant of contralateral hemifields- originate where? arch where? target what location?
2. fibers from upper quadrant of contralateral hemifields- originate from? travel where? forming? target what location?
3. fibers conveying info form macula and fovea originate where? pass to where?

Answer 13

Question 14

temporal lobe damage can produce what deficit?

Answer 14

Question 15

macula is represented by what portion of LGN/visual cortex? and represented more ____ in region of occipital pole?

Answer 15

Question 16

retinotopic organization

relationship between retina and visual cortex?

objects in either half project images on what hemiretina? each optic nerve carrie info from which half of visual fields
upper half of visual field forms images upon what part of the retina? lower?
as fibers leave LGN inferior part of visual fields course where to terminate where?

superior?

Answer 16

Question 17

visual field is comprised of what quadrants?

each project to what of primary visual cortex?

inversion? this means? upper left quad represented where?

Answer 17

Question 18

primary visual cortex/ ______ cortex

visual pathway ends ______ in the crotex where? (brodmann’s area __) inferior/superior project where? macula? peripheral fields?

striate cortex because?

Answer 18

Question 19

visual association cortex

striate cortex surrounded by areas __ and __?

what areas from what lobes grouped as visual association cortex? (aka).

this area is called? interconnected with area __?

LGN also sneds what? helps interpret what? (4)

Answer 19

Question 20

other visual cortical areas? (2)

sc- spatially directs what?

retinal- fibers from where? pass over? where? terminate where?

cortical- cells in area? project where? end in waht pattern? also recieves what inputs

pt-location? inputs from? respond to? mediate what?

take home message????? 1-SC 2. PT

Answer 20

Question 21

pupillary innervation

receives ____ input to control what?

S- from what ganglion? to what muscle?

p- from what nucleus? to what muscle?

Answer 21

Question 22

pupillary constriction

motor efferents of what nerve? arise in what structure?

preganglionic fibers terminate in? and axons of postganglionic cells innervate? (2) whats each for?

preganglionic motor neuron travel with what? and synapse in? NT?

post? send axons vi? supply what?

Answer 22

Question 23

pupillary constriction

pupillary is a _______ arc

1.

2.

3.

4.

decussation of retinal fibers?

Answer 23

Question 24

pupillary light reflex

useful diagnostic tool to test what?

lesion may result in?

dilated unresponsive in unconscious person?

lesion in CN III (with loss of preganglionic fibers) may result in? (2)

damage to post fibers produces?

Answer 24

Question 25

optic nerve damaged? shining light into eye produce?

total lesion of optic nerve? produce?

lesion in optic tract/pretectum?

large lesion in posterior midbrain?

lesion in oculomotor nucleus or nerve?

Answer 25

Question 26

lesions of visual system?

Answer 26

Question 27

visual field deficits

lesion in optic tract/radiations described as (2)

c- when what happens?

location and type?

overarching concept:

damage to anterior chiasm affects?

at chiasm causes?

behind chiasm causes?

Answer 27

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

Question 31

associative visual agnosia

what is it?

due to?

disconnects what?

patient cannot do what? but?

Answer 31