Anaplerotic Reactions

Question 0

Glutamate Dehydrogenase

Answer 0

Glutamate and NAD+ to alpha-ketoglutarate, NH3, and NADH.

Question 1

Pyruvate Carboxylase

Answer 1

Pyruvate to Oxaloacetate

AcetylCoA (+)

Biotin cofactor

Question 2

Aspartate amino transferase

Works with other amino acids too

Answer 2

alpha-Ketoglutarate and Aspartate to Oxaloacetate and glutamate.

Glutamate Dehydrogenase replenishes alpha-ketoglutarate by using NAD+ and glutamate

Question 3

Metabolism of valine and isoleucine

Answer 3

Propionyl CoA (C3) is the product of these breakdowns of amino acids. Also produced by breakdown of odd numbered carbon chained FA’s (rare).

Propionyl CoA is metabolized to Succinyl CoA

VAL/isl to Propionyl CoA to Succinyl CoA

Question 4

Purine nucleotide cycle

Answer 4

Aspartate and GTP to Fumarate, GDP, NH3, and Phosphate