AnaPhy of Resonation

Question 1

Resonation is determine by the following:

Answer 1

Length & volume of the pharynx

Size and shape of the oral cavity

Configuration of the nasal cavity

Question 2

Muscular tube that connects the nasal cavity and larynx

Answer 2

Pharynx

Question 3

3 parts of the pharynx

Answer 3

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Hypopharynx/ Laryngopharynx

Question 4

Length and volume of the pharynx are modified by 2 things. What are these?

Answer 4

Tongue Position
Vertical Positioning of the Larynx

Question 5

Resonance is determined by what?

Answer 5

Size and shape of the vocal tract

Question 6

Shorter, smaller cavities: enhance [higher or lower?] formants/ frequency [increases or decreases?]

Answer 6

higher, increases

Question 7

Longer, larger cavities: enhance [higher or lower?] formants/ frequency [increases or decreases?]

Answer 7

lower, decreases

Question 8

Raises and contacts the posterior pharyngeal wall during speech

Answer 8

Velum/ Soft Palate

Question 9

What structure closes the opening between the nasopharynx and oropharynx - also called as the velopharyngeal port

Answer 9

Velum/ Soft Palate

Question 10

Velar muscles

Opens eustachian tube

Answer 10

Tensor Veli Palatini

Question 11

Velar muscles

Brings velum up and back / closes the velopharyngeal port

Answer 11

Levator Veli Palatini

Question 12

Velar muscles

Brings velum down; narrows pharynx

Answer 12

Palatopharyngeus

Question 13

Bulge on nasal surface for tight velopharyngeal closure

Answer 13

Musculus uvulae

Question 14

Innervation of velar muscles, except Tensor Veli Palatini

Answer 14

CN 10 (Vagus)
CN 11 (Spinal Accessory)

Question 15

Innervation of Tensor Veli Palatini

Answer 15

CN 5 (Trigeminal)

Question 16

Velopharyngeal Port Closure Patterns

Answer 16

Coronal (Velum + PPM)
Sagittal (LPW)
Circular (All structures)
Circular with Passavant’s ridge (All structures + Passavant’s ridge)

Question 17

Most significant cavity of speech mechanism, undergoes most change during speech act

Answer 17

Oral Cavity

Question 18

Point of exit for all orally emitted sounds (except nasals)

Answer 18

Oral Cavity

Question 19

To produce oral sounds, the velum has to go ____ via the levator veli palatini muscle

Answer 19

back and up

Question 20

Point of exit for all nasal sounds

Answer 20

Nasal Cavity

Question 21

To produce nasal sounds, velum is _____

Answer 21

lowered and relaxed

Question 22

Different vocal tract shapes lead to different frequency filters

Answer 22

Source Filter Theory

Question 23

What is considered the source in the source-filter theory?

Answer 23

Vocal Folds

Question 24

What is considered the filter in the source-filter theory?

Answer 24

Vocal tract

Question 25

Integers of the fundamental frequency

Answer 25

Harmonic frequency