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Semiologie > Anamneza > Flashcards

Anamneza Flashcards

1
Q

BOLI PREVALENTE LA SUGAR

A
  • intarzieri de crestere si dezvoltare psiho-motorie
  • intolerante alimentare
  • malabsorbtie
  • infectii
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2
Q

BOLI PREVALENTE LA COPILUL MIC

A
  • boli infectocontagioase eruptive
  • infectii acute rinofaringiene + pulmonare
  • glomerulonefrita poststreptococica
  • poliomielita
  • gastroenterite acute
  • rahitism
  • sdr. de malabsorbtie
  • traumatisme
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3
Q

BOLI PREVALENTE LA PUBERTATE

A
  • acnee
  • tulburari psihice
  • patologii endocrine + genitale
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4
Q

BOLI PREVALENTE LA ADULT

A
  • boli cardiovasculare
  • boli metabolice
  • boli digestive
  • boli hematologice
  • boli endocrine
  • cancere
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5
Q

BOLI PREVALENTE LA VARSTNICI

A
  • cardiopatia ischemica
  • fibrilatia atriala
  • insuficienta cardiaca
  • AVC
  • boala Alzheimer
  • cancere
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6
Q

BOLI AUTOSOMALE DOMINANTE

A
  • sferocitoza ereditara
  • sdr. Marfan
  • polichistoza renala
  • neurofibromatoza
  • acondroplazia
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7
Q

BOLI AUTOSOMALE RECESIVE

A
  • fenilcetonurie
  • albinism
  • alcaptonurie
  • deficit alfa-1 antitripsina
  • talasemie
  • boala Wilson (fibroza chistica)
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8
Q

BOLI X-LINKATE DOMINANTE

A
  • rahitism vitamino-D rezistent
  • diabet insipid nefrogenic
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9
Q

BOLI X-LINKATE RECESIVE

A
  • hemofilia A si B
  • agamaglobulinemia
  • DMD
  • deficit glu-6-P dehidrogenaza
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10
Q

POLIMORFISM GENETIC

A

cand locusul unei gene este ocupat de mai mult decat de o singura alela intr-o populatie (recurenta trebuie sa fie de cel putin 1%)

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11
Q

MODIFICARILE EPIGENETICE

A

= reprezinta modul de expresie a genelor
* metilare ADN
* modificare proteine histone

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12
Q

BOLI CU EREDITATE MULTIFACTORIALA

A
  • boli alergice
  • HTA
  • cardiopatia ischemica
  • ulcer duodenal
  • litiaza biliara
  • litiaza renala
  • obezitate
  • DZ tip II
  • malformatii congenitale (keilopalatoschizis, luxatia de sold, stenoza hipertrofica de pilor, megacolonul congenital)
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13
Q

PUBERTATE PRECOCE

(INAINTE DE 8 ANI)

A
  • cauze organice: tumori cerebrale, suprarenaliene
  • cauze functionale => pubertate precoce centrala idiopatica
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14
Q

PUBERTATE INTARZIATA

(DUPA 13 ANI)

A
  • cauza constitutionala/genetica: sdr. Turner
  • cauza endocrina: tumori hipofizare, hipotiroidism
  • cauza generala: diabet sever, insuficienta renala cronica severa, mucoviscidoza
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15
Q

CICLU MENSTRUAL

A

CICLU CATAMENIAL

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16
Q

CAUZE AMENOREE PRIMARA

A
  • agenezia uterului sau ovarelor
  • sdr. Turner
  • dezechilibre hormonale importante
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17
Q

CAUZE AMENOREE SECUNDARA

A
  • fiziologice: sarcina, alaptare, menopauza
  • patologice: tumori hipofizare, insuficiente hormonale ovariene, afectiuni uterine, mixedem, DZ
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18
Q

CAUZE MENORAGIE

(FLUX MENSTRUAL PESTE 8 ZILE)

A
  • cauze uterine: tumori benigne (fibrom, polipi)
  • cauze ovariene
  • tulburari de coagulare
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19
Q

CAUZE METRORAGIE

(SANGERARE IN AFARA FLUXULUI MENSTRUAL NORMAL)

A
  • avort
  • sarcina ectopica
  • inflamatii (metrite, anexite, TB genitala)
  • tumori benigne (fibrom, polipoza uterina)
  • tumori maligne (cancer de corp sau col uterin)
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20
Q

CAUZE HIPOMENOREE

A
  • hipoplazie uterina
  • insuficienta hormonala ovariana
  • stres
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21
Q

CAUZE SDR. PREMENSTRUAL

A
  • insuficienta progesteronica
  • hipersecretie hormonala hipotalamo-hipofizara
  • emotii puternice
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22
Q

SIMPTOME SDR. PREMENSTRUAL

A
  • crestere volum mamar
  • dureri mamare spontane acc de atingere sau miscare
  • noduli palpatorii
  • greata
  • varsaturi
  • balonare
  • iritabilitate
  • anxietate
  • depresie
  • insomnie
  • migrene
  • dureri precordiale
  • palpitatii
  • extrasistole
  • edeme
  • polachiurie (urinare frecventa)
  • disurie (durere la urinare)
  • prurit (macarime piele)
  • urticarie
  • edem Quincke
  • crize astmatice
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23
Q

DISGRAVIDIA TARDIVA

(IN TRIMESTRUL II DE SARCINA)

A
  • HTA
  • edeme
  • proteinurie
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24
Q

CAUZE AVORT SPONTAN REPETAT

A
  • sdr. antifosfolipidic matern (boala autoimuna insotita de stare de hipercoagulabilitate)
  • colagenoze
  • DZ
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25
Q

BOLI PREVALENTE DUPA MENOPAUZA

A
  • HTA
  • DZ
  • cardiopatia ischemica
  • osteoporoza
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26
Q

SIMPTOME MENOPAUZA

A
  • bufeuri de caldura (70-80%)
  • transpiratii abundente nocturne
  • oboseala
  • balonare
  • cefalee
  • nervozitate
  • iritabilitate
  • insomnii
  • stari anxioase si depresive
  • palpitatii
  • tulburari de memorie si concentrare
  • diminuare libidou
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27
Q

BOLI INFECTO-CONTAGIOASE COPILARIE

A
  • oreion
  • varicela
  • rujeola
  • rubeola
  • pojar
  • scarlatina
  • tuse convulsiva
  • poliomielita
  • reumatism articular acut
  • hepatita acuta
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28
Q

CHESTIONAR CAGE

(ALCOOLISM)

A

C - cut down
A - annoyed
G - guilty
E - eye opener

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29
Q

ACTIUNEA ALCOOLULUI ASUPRA SNC

A
  • amnezie tranzitorie
  • scade acut latenta somnului
  • neuropatie periferica
  • sdr. Wernicke (paralizie nerv VI, ataxie)
  • sdr. Korsakoff (amnezie profunda anterograda, amnezie moderata retrograda, IQ normal)
  • atrofie cerebeloasa
  • probleme cognitive severe
  • scaderea capacitatii memoriei
  • dementa persistenta alcoolica
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30
Q

ACTIUNEA ALCOOLULUI PE SISTEMUL DIGESTIV

A
  • esofagita + gastrita alcoolica (pirozis, anorexie, durere abd)
  • leziune Mallory-Weiss
  • hepatita acuta alcoolica
  • steatoza hepatica cronica
  • ciroza hepatica
  • pancreatite acute sau cronice
  • cancer pancreatic
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31
Q

ACTIUNEA ALCOOLULUI PE SISTEMUL CARDIOVASCULAR

A
  • HTA
  • cardiomiopatie (hipocontractilitate)
  • aritmii tahicardie paroxistica - “inima de vacanta”
  • tahicardie paroxistica
  • AVC
32
Q

ACTIUNEA ALCOOLULUI IN SANGE

A
  • crestere VEM
  • leucopenie
  • trombocitopenie
  • ! marker alcoolism: macrocitoza eritrocitara
33
Q

ACTIUNEA ALCOOLULUI PE SISTEMUL REPRODUCATOR

A
  • stimulare libidou (consum moderat)
  • atrofie testiculara => sterilitate secundara
  • amenoree
  • scadere functii ovariene => infertilitate => avorturi spontane
34
Q

OPIOIDE

A
  • MORFINA
  • CODEINA
  • HEROINA (diacetilmorfina)
  • OXICODONA
  • FENTANIL
  • METADONA
35
Q

MEDICAMENTE EXCITANTE SNC

A
  • AMFETAMINE
  • SALBUTEROL
  • METAPROTERENOL
  • EFEDRINA
  • PSEUDOEFEDRINA
  • FENILEFRINA
  • FENILPROPANOLAMINA
36
Q

BOLI DEPENDENDE DE LOCALIZAREA GEOGRAFICA

A
  • HTA - exces de NaCl
  • cancer gastric - JAPONIA
  • cancer colorectal - AMERICA
  • cancer tiroidian - ZONE RADIOACTIVE
  • gusa endemica - ZONE DEFICITARE IN IOD (regiuni submontane)
  • nefropatie balcanica - MEHEDINTI, BANAT
  • fluoroza dintilor - exces de FLUOR
  • malaria - AFRICA, AMERICA, ASIA (zona subtropicala)
  • filariaza, tripanosomaza - AFRICA, ASIA (zona tropicala)
37
Q

FACTORI DE RISC PROFESIONALI
IN CANCERUL DE PIELE

A
  • radiatia solara
  • arsenic
  • funingine
  • gudron de carbune
38
Q

FACTORI DE RISC PROFESIONALI IN CANCERUL DE PLAMANI

A
  • azbest
  • arsenic
  • nichel
  • radon
39
Q

FACTORI DE RISC PROFESIONALI IN CANCERUL NAZAL SI AL SINUSURILOR

A
  • crom
  • nichel
  • praf de lemn
  • praf din pielarie
40
Q

FACTORI DE RISC PROFESIONAL CANCER HEPATIC

A
  • arsenic
  • clorura de vinil
41
Q

FACTORI DE RISC PROFESIONALI IN CANCERUL DE MADUVA OSOASA

A
  • benzen
  • radiatii ionizante
42
Q

FACTORI DE RISC PROFESIONALI IN CANCERUL VEZICII URINARE

A

amine aromatice

43
Q

FACTORI DE RISC PROFESIONALI IN CANCERUL DE PLEURA

A

azbest

44
Q

ARTERITA HORTON

A

durere superficiala pe traiectul arterei temporale accentuata de palpare

45
Q

ALODINIE

A

= durere la un stimul original nedureros

46
Q

CAUZALGIE

A
  • sdr. dureros regional complex = distrofie simpatica reflexa
  • determinata de leziuni nervoase periferice posttraumatice
47
Q

CEFALEEA DIN HTA INTRACRANIANA

A
  • debut in a doua parte a noptii sau dimineata
  • initial intermitenta, ulterior permanenta
  • varsaturi explozive
  • bradicardie
  • tulburari vizuale
48
Q

CEFALEEA DIN MENINGITA

A
  • intensa
  • febra
  • fotofobie
  • alterare stare generala
49
Q

CEFALEEA DIN HEMORAGIA MENINGIANA

A
  • fotofobie
  • redoare cervicala cu imposibilitatea flexiei anterioare a coloanei cervicale
50
Q

MIGRENA

A

= cefalee functionala ce apare in crize si are localizare hemicraniana
(+) greata, varsaturi, fotofobie, scotoame

51
Q

SEMNE SI SIMPTOME GLAUCOM

A
  • cefalee retroorbitala in crize
  • greata si varsaturi
  • ochi rosietici
  • midriaza
52
Q

CEFALEEA IN HTA

A
  • insoteste puseurile de tensiune
  • localizare: fronto-occipitala
  • caracter: constrictiv
  • scotoame
  • acufene
  • vertij
53
Q

CEFALEEA IN ARTROZA CERVICALA

A
  • localizare: regiunea occipitala
  • meteorotropa
  • accentuata de miscarea capului
54
Q

NEVRALGIA ARNOLD

A

= durere cervicala unilaterala cauzata de compresia nervului spinal C2

55
Q

NEVRALGIA TRIGEMINALA

A
  • evolutie in crize
  • durere intensa
  • esentiala sau poate acompania tumora cerebrala, scleroza multipla sau o leziune cerebrala
56
Q

SINDROMUL OBOSELII CRONICE

A

= starea de epuizare precoce, la scurt timp dupa inceperea activitatii, insotita de scaderea randamentului muncii; recuperarea prin somn si odihna incompleta + intarziata
Etiologie: virala (v. Ebstein-Barr, v. citomegalic, v. herpetic, etc.)
* oboseala neexplicata persistenta sau recurenta > 6 luni
* reducere activitate fizica si intelectuala
* reducere randament activitate
* aparitie 4+ simptome asociate:
* reducere memorie de scurta durata sau capacitatea de concentrare
* dureri faringiene
* limfadenopatie cervicala sau axiala dureroasa
* mialgii
* poliartralgii fara tumefiere sau roseata
* cefalee generalizata
* somn neodihnitor
* oboseala generalizata >24h dupa efort fizic usor

57
Q

SINDROMUL MENIERE

(TRIADA SIMPTOMATICA)

A
  1. VERTIJ PERIFERIC
  2. SURDITATE PROGRESIVA
  3. TINNITUS
58
Q

ACORIE

A

= lipsa senzatiei de satietate
* tumori cerebrale
* lues cerebral
* dementa senila

59
Q

PAROREXIE

A

= apetit pervertit, dorinta de a manca alimente necomestibile

60
Q

MALACIE

A

= apetit pentru condimente si cruditati

61
Q

PICA

A

= ingestie de produse necomestibile

62
Q

PAGOFAGIA

A

= apetit pentru gheata

63
Q

OTOREXIA

A

= obsesia de a manca cat mai “sanatos” prin impunere de diete foarte restrictive fara baza stiintifica

64
Q

DIAREEA CU ORIGINE IN INTESTINUL SUBTIRE

A
  • scaune apoase abundente
  • urat mirositoare
  • dureri abdominale colicative
  • “sindrom holeriform” (diaree acuta)
65
Q

DIAREE CU ORIGINE IN INTESTINUL GROS

A
  • scaune apoase reduse cantitativ
  • produse patologice (+)
  • tenesme rectale
  • senzatie de defecatie imperioasa
  • dureri abd predominante in hipogastru
  • “sindrom dizenteriform” (diaree acuta)
66
Q

“SCAUN IN CREION”

A

NEOPLASM RECTAL

67
Q

“FECALE DE OAIE”

A

CONSTIPATIE FUNCTIONALA

68
Q

SCALA BRISTOL

A

Tip 1 - schibale cu eliminare dificila
Tip 2 - forma de carnat dar in bucati
Tip 3 - forma de carnat cu striuri pe suprafata
Tip 4 - forma de carnat sau sarpe neted si moale
Tip 5 - bucati moi cu margini bine delimitate
Tip 6 - bucati pufoase cu margini neregulate
Tip 7 - scaune apoase

69
Q

ALTERNANTA DIAREE-CONSTIPATIE

A
  • sdr. de intestin iritabil
  • cancer colorectal
70
Q

POTOMANIA

A

= impuls de a bea lichide in cantitate mare chiar si fara senzatia de sete

71
Q

POLACHIURIA

A

= mai mult de 6 mictiuni pe zi si una pe noapte cu volum urinar normal sau redus

72
Q

CAUZE POLACHIURIE

A
  • reducere anatomica a capacitatii vezicii urinare
  • retentie vezicala incompleta cronica
  • iritatie vezicala
  • reactii corticale senzoriale, emotionale sau psihogene
73
Q

DISURIA

A

= scaderea fortei jetului mictional care se porneste dificil, se prelungeste in timp si necesita interventia pompei musculare abdominale

74
Q

STAGURIA

A

= eliminarea de urina lenta si dureroasa; in cazul obstacolelor la nivelul tractului urinar inferior

75
Q

ENUREZIS

A

= mictiune involuntara in timpul somnului

Semiologie (4 decks)

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