analytical techniques

Question 1

Give an everyday use of IR spectroscopy

Answer 1

Breathalyzers

Question 2

How does mass spectroscopy work

Answer 2

By ionising atoms/molecules, accelera:ng them via an electric field, deflec:ng them by varying degrees using a magne:c field, and detecting

Question 3

What are the lines on a mass spectrum?

Answer 3

● If analysing elements, they’re isotopes.

● If analysing compounds, they’re fragment ions.

Question 4

What is fragmentaJon under mass spectroscopy?

Answer 4

When a bond breaks in a molecular ion (due to instability) forming fragment ions.
The electron can go onto either side of the double bond. E.g., for CH3CH2OH, it may form [CH3CH2]+ (with the posiBve charge on the second carbon) or HO+.

Question 5

What absorbs IR in the atmosphere, what happens, and what can this lead to?

Answer 5

● The bonds of gaseous molecules such as CO2 and H2O.
● They vibrate MORE
global warming

Question 6

Give 3 things the Greenhouse Effect of a gas depends on

Answer 6

● Its atmospheric concentra:on.
● Its ability to absorb IR.
● Its residence time (how long it’s in the atmosphere)