Analysis: understand and specify the context of use Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the goal of the analysis step of the human-centered design process?

A

Understanding and specifying the context of use.

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2
Q

Understanding the context of use means to understand and describe …

A

Who the users are
What they do
What problems they have
What their needs are

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3
Q

Primary user

A

A user who directly uses the interactive system for its intended purpose

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4
Q

Secondary user

A

A user who carries out support tasks

  • maintenance
  • training primary users
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5
Q

Indirect user

A

Uses output, but does not interact directly with system

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6
Q

Are all users stakeholder?

A

Yes

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7
Q

Are all stakeholders of an interactive system users?

A

No.

A person who is affected by an interactive system but do not interact with it are Stakeholders but not users.

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8
Q

A collection of users with the same or similar personal characteristics and contexts of use related to the interactive system is called a …

A

User Group.

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9
Q

A User Group is a collection of users with the same or similar … related to the interactive system.

A

… personal characteristics and contexts of use …

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10
Q

A user group profile is

A

a generalized description of a user group

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11
Q

A generalized description of a user group is called a

A

A user group profile

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12
Q

How is a user group profile different from a persona?

A

Group Profile: characteristics and context of use of a whole group of real users
Persona: Realistic representation of users; not real people

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13
Q

Following the master-apprentice model the interviewer is the …

A

Apprentice

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14
Q

Following the master-apprentice model the interviewed user is the …

A

Master

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15
Q

The master-apprentice model is a principle for successful …

A

contextual interviews

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16
Q

A principle for successful contextual interviews is the

A

master-apprentice model

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17
Q

The goal of the master-apprentice model is …

A

to understand users’ goals and tasks in detail

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18
Q

What is the preferred type of question used in interviews?

A

Open and Neutral

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19
Q

What kind of questions should you avoid in interviews?

A

Closed and Leading

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20
Q

A moderated discussion, where a group of participants are lead through a set of questions is called a …

A

focus group

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21
Q

Can a focus group be used for usability evaluation?

A

No.

A focus group is about attitude and opinion; Usability evaluation deals with observing actual user behavior

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22
Q

What is gathered with the focus group method?

A

Attitudes and opinions.

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23
Q

The context of use is a combination of …

A
T - Tasks
U - Users
R - Resources
E - Environments
G - Goals
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24
Q

A combination of tasks, users, resources, environments and goals (TUREG) is the ….

A

Context of use

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25
Q

The context of use is determined by observing users or by …

A

Interviewing them

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26
Q

The context of use is determined by Interviewing users or by …

A

Observing them

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27
Q

Which are the methods to derive the context of use?

A

Focus groups
Observations
Contextual interviews

28
Q

The physical, social and technical conditions in which a user interacts with an interactive system is the …

A

Environment

29
Q

The environment is the physical, social and … conditions, in which the user interacts with the interactive system.

A

Technical

30
Q

The environment is the technical, physical and … conditions, in which the user interacts with the interactive system.

A

Social

31
Q

The environment is the social, technical and … conditions, in which the user interacts with the interactive system.

A

Physical

32
Q

There are reusable and … resources

A

exhaustible

33
Q

There are exhaustible and … resources

A

reusable

34
Q

An enumeration of all the subtasks required to meet the user’s goal for a task is called …

A

A task model

35
Q

A task model is the … required to meet the user’s goal

A

enumeration of all the subtasks

36
Q

What does a task model provide?

A

A precise description of a task.

37
Q

What does a task model includes, besides the steps necessary to carry out a task?

A

A tasks’ contextual preconditions and

its intended outcomes.

38
Q

When are task models created (description of current tasks)?

A

During analysis

39
Q

When are task models updated (description of intended tasks)?

A

During design

40
Q

Where should obersvations take place?

A

In a context that is as natural as possible

41
Q

How does an observer behave?

A

As unobtrusively as possible

42
Q

Can an observer ask questions?

A

Only for clarifications

43
Q

Can a user be observed, even if no interactive system is available?

A

Yes, existing procedures can be observed.

44
Q

What is a checklist used during an interview?

A

To ensure that all relevant topics are covered.

45
Q

An interview checklist is a list of suitable

A

questions and cues

46
Q

Where does a contextual interview take place?

A

At the location where the user interacts with the interactive system.

47
Q

What is the focus of the contextual interview?

A

The context of use

48
Q

How does an interview begin?

A

With a briefing of the interviewee

49
Q

Must interviews be contextual?

A

No, any interview is better than no interview at all.

50
Q

What should be done with suggestions regarding the future system from the interviewee?

A

Documented separately

51
Q

What form has an as-is scenario?

A

Narative text

52
Q

What does the narative text of an as-is scenario describe?

A

The procedure a specific user collows to complete one or more tasks.

53
Q

Must the user of an as-is scenario be a real user?

A

No, often it is a persona.

54
Q

What are as-is scenarios based on?

A

based on observation and contextual interview

55
Q

Having as-is scenarios reviewed by users helps to …

A

detect misunderstandings that my have occurred during contextual interviews.

56
Q

What can you do with as-is scenarios to detect misunderstandings that my have occurred during contextual interviews.

A

Let users review them

57
Q

Is a persona a real person?

A

No, it is fictitious but realistic

58
Q

How are personas constructed?

A

Personas are constructed from empirically determined data

59
Q

Do you need a picture for your persona?

A

It is not necessary, but helps create the ilusion of a real person.

60
Q

What does a user journey map describe?

A

All encounters users have with the interactive system

61
Q

How does the user journey map make the overall user experience tangible?

A

By covering all touchpoints that influence the user experience

62
Q

What form does a user journey map take?

A

Tabular or graphical

63
Q

Besides as-is scenarios and use scenarios, user journey maps can be used to …

A

communicate scenarios that extend beyond the pure interaction.

64
Q

Can user journey maps replace as-is scenarios or use scenarios?

A

No

65
Q

Can user journey maps show the user experience for a persona?

A

Yes

66
Q

When are user journey maps created (describing current encounters)?

A

During Analysis

67
Q

When are user journey maps updated (describing intended encounters)?

A

During design