Analgesics (opiod analgesics) Flashcards
buprenorphine/Naloxone
Purpose: mngmt of severe pan, tx of opiod dependence
SE: dizziness, drowsiness, constipation, N, V, Resp depression, sedation, impairment of mental & physical performance, rash, pruritus, palpitations
Nursing consid: -use with CNS depressants & or alcohol may result in addictive CNS depression
- may be habit-forming
- avoid alcohol during treatment
- use with caution in patients with pulmonary considerations
- Rx C-111
Hydromorphone
puropose: treatment of moderate to severe pain and of non-productive cough
SE: drowsiness, sedation, N, V, anorexia, resp depression, constipation, cramps, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headache, rash
Nurs con: PO: onset 15-30 min, peak 30-60min duration 4-6 hours
- IM: onset 15 minutes, peak 30-60 min, duration 4-5 hours
- IV: onset: 10-15 min, peak 15-30 min, duration 2-3 hours
- subQ: onset 15 min, peak 30-90 min, duration 4 hours
- rectal: duration 6-8 hours
- do not give if reps are less than 12/min
- avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
- withdrawl symp may occur, nausea, v, cramps, faintness, anorexia
- physical dependency may result from long term use
- elderly patients may require lower doses
- Rx C-11
Meperididne
purpose: tx of mod to sever pain
SE: drowsiness, sedation, resp depression, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headahce, euphoria, bradycardia, diaphoresis, urticaria
Nurs con: PO: onset 10-15 min, peak 30-60 min, duration 2-4 hours (usually 3)
- IM: onset 10-15 min, peak 30-50 min, duration 2-4 (usually 3)
- IV: onset less than 5 min, peak 5-7 min, duration 2-4 hours (usually 3)
- SubQ: onset 10-15 min, peak 30-50 min, duration 2-4 hours (usually 3)
- do not give if resps are less than 12/min
- avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
- withdrawal symptoms may occur: nausea, vomiting, cramps, fever faintness, anorexia
- physical dependency may result from long-term use
- do not co-infuse with barbiturates, aminophlline, heparin, morphine, methicillin, phenytoin, sodium bicarbonate, sulfadiazine or sulfisoxazole
- Rx- C11
Methadone:
purpose: tx of severe pain, detoxification, management of narcotic addiction
SE: drowsiness, sedation, N,V, anorexia, resp depression, constipation, cramps, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headahce, rash, arrhythmias, agitation
Nursing con: -PO: onset 30-60 min, peak 30-60 min, duration 4-6 hours (with continuous dosing, duration of action may increase to 22-48 hours)
- Do not give if resps are less 12/min
- avoid use with alchol, CNS depressants
- withdrawal symptoms may occur: nausea, vomiting, cramps, fever, faintness, anorexia
- physical dependency may result from long-term use
- Rx-C11
Morphine
Purpose: treatment of severe pain
SE: resp depression , sedation, euphoria , orthostatic hypotension , Bradycardia, diaphoresis, urticaria
Nurs con: -continous dosing is more effective than prn: may me given by PCA
- PO: onset 15-60 min, peak 30-60 min, duration 3-6 hours
- IM: onset 10-15 min, peak 30-50 min, duration 2-4 hours (usually 3)
- IV: onset less than 5 min, peak 18 min, duration 3-6 hrs
- SubQ: onset 10-15 min, peak 30-50 min, duration 2-4 hours (usually 3)
- withdrawal symptoms may occur: nausea, vomiting, cramps, fever, faintness, anorexia
- physical dependency may result from long-term use
- monitor for increased resp & CNS depression when given with cimetidine, clomipramine, nortriptyline, or amitriptyline
- Rx C-11
Oxycodone
purpose : treatment of mod to severe pain
SE: drowsiness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, resp depression, constipation, confusion, headache, rash, euphoria, urinary retention, orthostatice hypotension, palpitations
- Nurs con: PO: peak 30-60 min, duration 4-6 hours
- controlled -release: peak 3-4 min, duration 12 hours
- do not five if resps less than 12/min
- avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
- withdrawal symptoms may occur: nausea, vomiting, cramps, fever faintness, anorexia
- physical dependency may result from long-term use
- Rx C-11 (controlled- release) (precocet)
