anaesthetics/acute care stuff

Question 1

which fluid is this?

Na 154
cl 154
K+ 0

Answer 1

saline

Question 2

which fluid is this

Na 0
Cl 0
K+ 0

Answer 2

glucose

Question 3

which fluid is this?

Na 131
Ca 2
K5
Cl 111
lactate 29

Answer 3

Hartmanns

Question 4

man dragged out of river from drowning

what will his acid- base balance be like

Answer 4

mixed resp and met acidosis

Question 5

man in motor cycle crash, C spine is okay, airway is okay, breathing is okay but he has weak radial pulse

what type of shock is this

Answer 5

hypovolaemic

Question 6

somebody who you give fluids to then rapidly deteriorates

what should you do?

Answer 6

stop fluids

give IV furosemide

Question 7

what dose is 1ml of 1:1000 adrenaline

Answer 7

1mg

Question 8

pulseless VT

what do you do?

Answer 8

300mg amiodarone

Question 9

somebody with severe bradycardia

what do you do?

Answer 9

500mcg atropine

Question 10

pinpoint pupils and needle marks

what is the blood gas like

Answer 10

resp acidosis

Question 11

COPD exacerabtion

likely blood gas

Answer 11

resp acidosis

Question 12

gastric outlet obstruction (blockage at pylorus)

likely blood gas

Answer 12

metabolic alkalosis

they will vomit!

Question 13

what is the best way to monitor BP in a 65 year old male in HDU?

Answer 13

invase arterial BP monitoring

Question 14

someone who is on morphine dose and break through and this has been controlling pain well up til now. he has prostate cancer and now has bony mets in sternum and ribs, what should you do?

Answer 14

morphine and adjuvant analgesia

Question 15

patient has taken a drug and now has cardiac arrhythmias

Answer 15

amphetamines

Question 16

in CPR how long should should you exhale into the rescue breaths

Answer 16

breaths should last 1 second

Question 17

guy on MST 30mg BD and also 10mg oromorph PRN taking 5 x day, still getting nerve pain

Answer 17

stay on MST and add gabapentine/ amytryptaline

Question 18

classification of early opiod toxicity

Answer 18

drowsiness and hallucinations

Question 19

resp depression after ortho surgery

what can you give

Answer 19

40mcg naloxone

Question 20

cardiac arrest

ABG?

Answer 20

mixed resp and met acidosis

Question 21

DKA

ABG?

Answer 21

metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap

Question 22

hyperventilation (anxiety)

ABG

Answer 22

resp alkalosis

Question 23

COPD and asthma

ABG?

Answer 23

resp acidosis

Question 24

resp depression e .g opiate overdose

ABG?

Answer 24

resp acidosis

Question 25

PE

ABG?

Answer 25

resp alkalosis

Question 26

pneumothorax?

ABG?

Answer 26

resp alkalosis

Question 27

hypoxia

ABG?

Answer 27

resp alkalosis

increased alveolar ventilation to compensate

Question 28

apsirin overdose

ABG?

Answer 28

metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap

Question 29

diarrohea

ABG

Answer 29

metabolic acidosis with decreased anion gap

loss of bicarb

Question 30

addisons

Answer 30

metabolic acidosis with decreased anion gap

Question 31

vomiting

Answer 31

metabolic acidosis (loss of H+)