Ageing

Question 1

pain/SOB

what can you give

Answer 1

morphine

Question 2

distress

what can you give

Answer 2

midazolam

Question 3

nausea and agitation

what can you give

Answer 3

levomepromazine

Question 4

resp secretions

what can you give

Answer 4

buscopam

Question 5

what is sarcopenia

Answer 5

loss of skeletal muscle mass, stength and function

prevent by doing exercise

Question 6

vaccinations for the elderly?

Answer 6

one off pneumococcal
one off shingles at 70
annual flu

Question 7

how do you convert oral morphine to IV morphine

Answer 7

divide oral dose by 3

Question 8

how do you convert oral morphine to subcut morphine

Answer 8

divide oral dose by 2

Question 9

how to convert IV morphine to oral

Answer 9

times IV does by 3

Question 10

which cerebral hemisphere is dominant in most right handed people

Answer 10

left

Question 11

treatment of choice for those presenting with stroke within 4.5 hours

Answer 11

alteplase

Question 12

normal/ reduced tone
normal tendon reflexes
poor balance

associated with what sort of disease

Answer 12

cerebellar disease

Question 13

if somebody has had a fall, when should you use a 24 hr ECG

Answer 13

if there was LOC

Question 14

name some risk factors for a osteoporotic farcture

Answer 14

old age
female
steroid use
low BMI
smoking
fam history
CKD
overactive thyroid
liver failure

Question 15

is delirium poorly recognised

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

first line to treat delirium

Answer 16

non drug measures

Question 17

high stepping gait

Answer 17

foot drop

Question 18

hemiplegic gait

Answer 18

stroke
slow steps
drags leg

Question 19

alpha blockers such as tamsulosin, are they a risk for postural hypotension

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

PPI use put you at risk of what

Answer 20

C diff

Question 21

is MMSE diagnostic for dementia

Answer 21

no. but it can be used in conjuction with a history from a corrobative source

Question 22

what can mimic dementa

Answer 22

depression
stress
hypothyroidism
B12 deficiency

Question 23

describe hypothermia

Answer 23

core body temp < 35 degrees

Question 24

are tendon reflexex normal or abnormal in parkinsons

Answer 24

normal

Question 25

are people with dementia more likley to have delirium

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

antiemetic for parkinsons

Answer 26

domperidone dont use metaclopramide

Question 27

dose of Iv paracetamol

Answer 27

15mg/kg 4 x daily up to max of 60mg/kg in 24 hours

Question 28

what is tolteridine

Answer 28

anti-muscarinic used for urge incontinence

Question 29

what is the SQiD test for?

Answer 29

delirium its 80% sensitive " do you think anne has been more confused lately?"

Question 30

what drugs should uou avoid in old people if yoiu can?

Answer 30

``` NSAIDS uneccessary antibiotics bendrofluemethiazide psychotropics PPIs opiates ```

Question 31

what fruit/veg reacts with warfarin

Answer 31

green veg( high in vit K)

Question 32

what fruits interferes with statins

Answer 32

grapefruit

Question 33

man who said he is losing his memory and doesnt like to go out due to this, low mood and wife died. MMSE score 28/30

Answer 33

depression

Question 34

old lady was constipated for a while and had pain best investigation

Answer 34

AXR

Question 35

which disease has a degenerated NBM

Answer 35

alzheimers

Question 36

reduced acetylcholine from nucleus basalis of meynert

Answer 36

alzheimers

Question 37

donepezil and atenolol

Answer 37

drug-drug interaction

Question 38

BDZ causing memory loss

Answer 38

idiosyncratic effect

Question 39

treatment of lewy body dementia

Answer 39

Ach-ase inhibitor

Question 40

phsyiological change in the elderly

Answer 40

increasing heterogeneity

Question 41

steady state for first order drugs

Answer 41

rate of administration=rate of elimination

Question 42

dementia in old man, severe behvaioural changes, was embarassing family

Answer 42

fronto-temporal dementia

Question 43

dementia, also has angina and diabetes, sudden change in memory

Answer 43

vascular dementia

Question 44

parkinsons disease started on a new med falls

Answer 44

postural hypotension

Question 45

where should you look for drug interactions

Answer 45

BNF

Question 46

where would you find local prescription info

Answer 46

tayside area formulary

Question 47

where do you find info on drugs cost effectiveness?

Answer 47

drug tarrif? | medicines compodeim?

Question 48

patient with BPH, takes decongestant

Answer 48

urinary retention

Question 49

asthma and beta blockers

Answer 49

bad= bronchoconstriction

Question 50

what makes constipation worse

Answer 50

calcium | calcium channel blockers

Question 51

what can lower seizure threshold

Answer 51

tramadol, quinolones, neuropleptics

Question 52

bananas, ornages, green leafy veg are risj in potassium what do they interact with

Answer 52

ACEi ARBs potassium sparing diuretics

Question 53

apples chickpeas, spinach, buts, kiwi, brocholie risk in vit K and E what do they interact with

Answer 53

warfarin

Question 54

chicken, turkey, milk, soy, yoghurt these alter pH what do they interact with

Answer 54

antibiotics | thyroid meds

Question 55

grapefruit, oranges, cranberyy, apple cytochrfome p450 these interact with what?

Answer 55

statins antihistamines