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year 4 onlines miscellaneous > Ageing > Flashcards

Ageing Flashcards

1
Q

pain/SOB

what can you give

A

morphine

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2
Q

distress

what can you give

A

midazolam

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3
Q

nausea and agitation

what can you give

A

levomepromazine

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4
Q

resp secretions

what can you give

A

buscopam

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5
Q

what is sarcopenia

A

loss of skeletal muscle mass, stength and function

prevent by doing exercise

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6
Q

vaccinations for the elderly?

A

one off pneumococcal
one off shingles at 70
annual flu

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7
Q

how do you convert oral morphine to IV morphine

A

divide oral dose by 3

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8
Q

how do you convert oral morphine to subcut morphine

A

divide oral dose by 2

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9
Q

how to convert IV morphine to oral

A

times IV does by 3

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10
Q

which cerebral hemisphere is dominant in most right handed people

A

left

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11
Q

treatment of choice for those presenting with stroke within 4.5 hours

A

alteplase

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12
Q

normal/ reduced tone
normal tendon reflexes
poor balance

associated with what sort of disease

A

cerebellar disease

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13
Q

if somebody has had a fall, when should you use a 24 hr ECG

A

if there was LOC

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14
Q

name some risk factors for a osteoporotic farcture

A 
old age
female
steroid use
low BMI
smoking
fam history
CKD
overactive thyroid
liver failure
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15
Q

is delirium poorly recognised

A

yes

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16
Q

first line to treat delirium

A

non drug measures

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17
Q

high stepping gait

A

foot drop

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18
Q

hemiplegic gait

A

stroke
slow steps
drags leg

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19
Q

alpha blockers such as tamsulosin, are they a risk for postural hypotension

A

yes

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20
Q

PPI use put you at risk of what

A

C diff

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21
Q

is MMSE diagnostic for dementia

A

no. but it can be used in conjuction with a history from a corrobative source

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22
Q

what can mimic dementa

A

depression
stress
hypothyroidism
B12 deficiency

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23
Q

describe hypothermia

A

core body temp < 35 degrees

24
Q

are tendon reflexex normal or abnormal in parkinsons

A

normal

25
Q

are people with dementia more likley to have delirium

A

yes

26
Q

antiemetic for parkinsons

A

domperidone

dont use metaclopramide

27
Q

dose of Iv paracetamol

A

15mg/kg 4 x daily up to max of 60mg/kg in 24 hours

28
Q

what is tolteridine

A

anti-muscarinic used for urge incontinence

29
Q

what is the SQiD test for?

A

delirium

its 80% sensitive
“ do you think anne has been more confused lately?”

30
Q

what drugs should uou avoid in old people if yoiu can?

A 
NSAIDS
uneccessary antibiotics
bendrofluemethiazide
psychotropics
PPIs
opiates
31
Q

what fruit/veg reacts with warfarin

A

green veg( high in vit K)

32
Q

what fruits interferes with statins

A

grapefruit

33
Q

man who said he is losing his memory and doesnt like to go out due to this, low mood and wife died. MMSE score 28/30

A

depression

34
Q

old lady was constipated for a while and had pain

best investigation

A

AXR

35
Q

which disease has a degenerated NBM

A

alzheimers

36
Q

reduced acetylcholine from nucleus basalis of meynert

A

alzheimers

37
Q

donepezil and atenolol

A

drug-drug interaction

38
Q

BDZ causing memory loss

A

idiosyncratic effect

39
Q

treatment of lewy body dementia

A

Ach-ase inhibitor

40
Q

phsyiological change in the elderly

A

increasing heterogeneity

41
Q

steady state for first order drugs

A

rate of administration=rate of elimination

42
Q

dementia in old man, severe behvaioural changes, was embarassing family

A

fronto-temporal dementia

43
Q

dementia, also has angina and diabetes, sudden change in memory

A

vascular dementia

44
Q

parkinsons disease
started on a new med
falls

A

postural hypotension

45
Q

where should you look for drug interactions

A

BNF

46
Q

where would you find local prescription info

A

tayside area formulary

47
Q

where do you find info on drugs cost effectiveness?

A

drug tarrif?

medicines compodeim?

48
Q

patient with BPH, takes decongestant

A

urinary retention

49
Q

asthma and beta blockers

A

bad= bronchoconstriction

50
Q

what makes constipation worse

A

calcium

calcium channel blockers

51
Q

what can lower seizure threshold

A

tramadol, quinolones, neuropleptics

52
Q

bananas, ornages, green leafy veg are risj in potassium

what do they interact with

A

ACEi

ARBs
potassium sparing diuretics

53
Q

apples chickpeas, spinach, buts, kiwi, brocholie
risk in vit K and E
what do they interact with

A

warfarin

54
Q

chicken, turkey, milk, soy, yoghurt
these alter pH
what do they interact with

A

antibiotics

thyroid meds

55
Q

grapefruit, oranges, cranberyy, apple
cytochrfome p450
these interact with what?

A

statins

antihistamines

year 4 onlines miscellaneous (18 decks)

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