Anaerobic Respiration Flashcards
Anaerobic respiration takes place in human cells when…
You do vigorous exercise and your body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscle cells
Anaerobic respiration takes place in the plant cells when…
The soil the plant is growing in becomes waterlogged and there is no oxygen available for the roots
Bacterial cells respire anaerobically when…
When bacteria gets under your skin through puncture wounds there’s very little oxygen in their so only bacteria that can respire anaerobically will survive
Anerobic respiration equation for humans
Glucose -> lactic acid (+energy released)
Anaerobic respiration equation for fermentation
Glucose -> ethanol+carbon dioxide (+energy released)
What is fermentation
When micro organisms break down sugars into other products as they respire anaerobically
Name the three things humans use fermentation to make
Biogas, bread, alcohol
What is biogas
A fuel used for things like heating and lighting
How is biogas made
By fermenting plant and animal waste which contains carbohydrates
How is bread made
Using yeast that ferments the carbohydrates in the flour and releases carbon dioxide causing the bread to rise
How is alcohol made
Yeast ferments the sugar to form ethanol, the sugar used in alcohol production comes from things like grapes for wine and barley for beer
What is photosynthesis
A series of chemical reactions that’s uses energy from sunlight to produce food
What food does photosynthesis produce
Glucose which is a sugar
Where does photosynthesis happen
In plants- chloroplasts and in micro Organisms the phytoplankton
What is needed for photosynthesis to happen
Chlorophyll
What is chlorophyll
A green substance which absorbs sunlight and allows the energy to be used to convert co2 and water into glucose
What is the equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen (+ energy released)
Symbol equation for photosynthesis
co2+h20->c6h12o6+O2 (+energy released)
What makes the energy from the sun available to other organisms
The organisms at the start of the food chain by converting it into glucose
How is the energy transferred
When the photosynthetic organisms are eaten
What’s the 3 main uses for glucose
Respiration ,Chemicals for growth and stored as starch
How is glucose used for respiration
To allow plants to release energy
How is glucose used to make chemicals for growth
It’s converted into cellulose for making cell walls, combined with nitrogen to make amino acids and it also used to make chlorophyll
Why is glucose stored as starch
So that it can be stored in the roots,stems and leaves and then used in the winter when the rate of photosynthesis is slower
