Anaerobes! Flashcards

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1
Q

How to tell the difference between Clostridium spp, Bacillus spp, and Lactobacillus spp.?

A

Clostridium spp are anaerobes and catalase neg

Bacillus are aerobes and catalase pos

Lactobacillus do not form spores

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2
Q

what two things does C. diff cause?

A

antibiotic associated diarrhea and pseudomenrabous colitis

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3
Q

what is the test to see if C. diff has the enterotoxin (toxin A) and cytotoxin (toxin B)? (

A

cytotoxicity test
- toxin B detected by cytopathic effect: the toxin makes long fibroblasts round
- other tube has toxin B antitoxin that will neutralize the toxin for comparison to confirm a true pos result

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4
Q

C. botulinum causes what kinds of botulism?

A

has a neurotoxin
- foodbourne botulism
- wound botulism
- infant botulism (from lack of normal intestinal flora that fight off C. botulinum

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5
Q

Clostridium septicum causes _____ _____ _________. It’s colonies _____ and have a _____-head appearance

A

large bowel carcinoma
(as well as leukemias and lymphomas)

swarming colonies with medusa-head appearance

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6
Q

C. tetani causes _______. It has what morphology on an agar and what kind of gram stain morphology

A

tetanus (lockjaw)

swarming on agar

drumstick/tennis racket (GPB with terminal spores)

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7
Q

Actinomyces is gram ______ bacilli that do not form _________. What people have a chance of obtaining actinomycosis? What is a key feature of this organism?

A

gram pos bacilli with NO spores

Women with IUDs

Actinomyces has sulfur granules

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8
Q

young actinomyces have what kind of colony morphology on a anaBAP? What about older colonies?

A

young: spider-like or woolly

older: molar-tooth or raspberry

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9
Q

what anaerobe stains gram neg (curved bacilli) but has gram pos cell wall components? What two diseases can this organism cause?

A

Mobiluncus spp. can cause bacterial vaginosis and also PID

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10
Q

Propionibacterium spp are also called anaerobic _________ due to their gram stain. Though commonly considered ________, this species can infect what kind of medical devices?

A

“anaerobic dipheroids” due to gram pos palisade rods like Coryne spp.

usually contaminates, but they can infect prosthetic heart valves

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11
Q

what is the only (significant) anaerobic gram pos cocci? What is the test to ID it?

A

Peptostreptococcus ID is by SPS
- with the exception of P. asaccharolyticus, which is SPS resistant and indole pos

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12
Q

bactericides fragilis grows on what agar and turns it what color? What tests are used to ID B. fragilis?

A

turns BBE agar brown to black

resistant to:
- bile
- Kanamycin
- Vancomycin
- Colstin

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13
Q

Bacteroides ureolyticus is susceptible to all gram neg tests except? What does it require for growth, and what does it do to agar media?

A

resistant to vancomycin only

needs formate-fumarate to grow

pits agars

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14
Q

Prevotella spp is resistant to what two things, and susceptible to what one thing?

A

R: Kanamycin and Vancomycin

S: bile

V: colistin

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15
Q

pigmented spp. of prevotella fluoresce what colors? What about the non-pigmented kind?

A

pigmented: brown to black or red

non pigmented: pink, orange, chartreuse

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16
Q

porphyromonas spp. is susceptible to what two things, and resistant to what two things? What differs it from Prevotella? What additional test is it pos for?

A

S: bile and vancomycin (where Prevotella is vancomycin resistant)

R: kanamycin and colistin

indole pos

17
Q

All fusibacterium are susceptible to what two things, and resistant to what one thing?

A

S: Kanamycin and colistin
R: vancomycin

18
Q

F. mortiferum-varium is _______ resistant while F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum are susceptible

A

bile

19
Q

F. varium have what colony morphology appearance?

A

fried egg

20
Q

F. necrophilum is lipase _____

A

positive

21
Q

Bilophila wadsworthia (pleomorphic gram neg rods) loves ______ just like B. fragilis. It produces ___, and needs what else to stimulate growth?

A

bile

makes H2S

needs pyruvate for growth

22
Q

Unlike Bacteroides spp., B. wadsworthia is susceptible to _____ and _________

A

kanamycin and colistin

23
Q

Vellonella spp. are the only significant gram neg ______. It is resistant to only _______, and it is ______ pos

A

gram neg cocci (small)

resistant to only vancomycin

nitrate pos

24
Q

what is the only anaerobe that is susceptible to vancomycin?

A

Porphyromonas spp.

25
Q

F. mortiferum has _______ ______ gram stain morphology

A

bizarre filaments