Anaerobes! Flashcards
How to tell the difference between Clostridium spp, Bacillus spp, and Lactobacillus spp.?
Clostridium spp are anaerobes and catalase neg
Bacillus are aerobes and catalase pos
Lactobacillus do not form spores
what two things does C. diff cause?
antibiotic associated diarrhea and pseudomenrabous colitis
what is the test to see if C. diff has the enterotoxin (toxin A) and cytotoxin (toxin B)? (
cytotoxicity test
- toxin B detected by cytopathic effect: the toxin makes long fibroblasts round
- other tube has toxin B antitoxin that will neutralize the toxin for comparison to confirm a true pos result
C. botulinum causes what kinds of botulism?
has a neurotoxin
- foodbourne botulism
- wound botulism
- infant botulism (from lack of normal intestinal flora that fight off C. botulinum
Clostridium septicum causes _____ _____ _________. It’s colonies _____ and have a _____-head appearance
large bowel carcinoma
(as well as leukemias and lymphomas)
swarming colonies with medusa-head appearance
C. tetani causes _______. It has what morphology on an agar and what kind of gram stain morphology
tetanus (lockjaw)
swarming on agar
drumstick/tennis racket (GPB with terminal spores)
Actinomyces is gram ______ bacilli that do not form _________. What people have a chance of obtaining actinomycosis? What is a key feature of this organism?
gram pos bacilli with NO spores
Women with IUDs
Actinomyces has sulfur granules
young actinomyces have what kind of colony morphology on a anaBAP? What about older colonies?
young: spider-like or woolly
older: molar-tooth or raspberry
what anaerobe stains gram neg (curved bacilli) but has gram pos cell wall components? What two diseases can this organism cause?
Mobiluncus spp. can cause bacterial vaginosis and also PID
Propionibacterium spp are also called anaerobic _________ due to their gram stain. Though commonly considered ________, this species can infect what kind of medical devices?
“anaerobic dipheroids” due to gram pos palisade rods like Coryne spp.
usually contaminates, but they can infect prosthetic heart valves
what is the only (significant) anaerobic gram pos cocci? What is the test to ID it?
Peptostreptococcus ID is by SPS
- with the exception of P. asaccharolyticus, which is SPS resistant and indole pos
bactericides fragilis grows on what agar and turns it what color? What tests are used to ID B. fragilis?
turns BBE agar brown to black
resistant to:
- bile
- Kanamycin
- Vancomycin
- Colstin
Bacteroides ureolyticus is susceptible to all gram neg tests except? What does it require for growth, and what does it do to agar media?
resistant to vancomycin only
needs formate-fumarate to grow
pits agars
Prevotella spp is resistant to what two things, and susceptible to what one thing?
R: Kanamycin and Vancomycin
S: bile
V: colistin
pigmented spp. of prevotella fluoresce what colors? What about the non-pigmented kind?
pigmented: brown to black or red
non pigmented: pink, orange, chartreuse
porphyromonas spp. is susceptible to what two things, and resistant to what two things? What differs it from Prevotella? What additional test is it pos for?
S: bile and vancomycin (where Prevotella is vancomycin resistant)
R: kanamycin and colistin
indole pos
All fusibacterium are susceptible to what two things, and resistant to what one thing?
S: Kanamycin and colistin
R: vancomycin
F. mortiferum-varium is _______ resistant while F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum are susceptible
bile
F. varium have what colony morphology appearance?
fried egg
F. necrophilum is lipase _____
positive
Bilophila wadsworthia (pleomorphic gram neg rods) loves ______ just like B. fragilis. It produces ___, and needs what else to stimulate growth?
bile
makes H2S
needs pyruvate for growth
Unlike Bacteroides spp., B. wadsworthia is susceptible to _____ and _________
kanamycin and colistin
Vellonella spp. are the only significant gram neg ______. It is resistant to only _______, and it is ______ pos
gram neg cocci (small)
resistant to only vancomycin
nitrate pos
what is the only anaerobe that is susceptible to vancomycin?
Porphyromonas spp.
F. mortiferum has _______ ______ gram stain morphology
bizarre filaments
