AMT 126 REVIEWER Flashcards
Leonardo da Vinci’s helical rotor, inspired by the bamboo-copter, was a significant step toward rotary-wing flight.
Early 1500s (Leonardo’s Aerial Screw)
Modern materials like _____ and ____ have further improved propeller performance and efficiency.
carbon fiber and advanced blade shapes
____ experiments enabled the wright brothers to achieve over 80% thrust efficiency with their propeller designs
Wind Tunnel Testing
distributed across the aircraft, improve efficiency and reduce noise pollution.
Multiple smaller propellers (Distributed Propulsion)
______ helical rotor in 1500s inspired by the bamboo-copter, was a significant step toward rotary-wing flight.
Leonardo da Vinci’s
combines the efficiency of propellers with the speed of jets, blurring the line between these two types of engines.
Propfan technology
Wind tunnel experiments enabled the wright bothers to achieve over ____ thrust efficiency with their propeller designs.
80%
simple toys and ancient technologies provided inspiration for the development of propellers
Early Inspiration
______ and ____ propellers were introduced for high-powered engines, improving thrust and efficiency
Contra-rotating and full-feathering (Advanced Designs)
emerged for short- to medium-haul flights, offering efficient performance and quieter operation.
Turboprop engines (Turboprop Revival)
replaced wood for increased durability and strength, improving performance and reliability.
Metal propellers
Invented in _______ (400 BCE), this simple toy demonstrated the principle of spinning blades generating lift.
Ancient China (The Bamboo-Copter: Ancient Inspiration)
are optimized for propellers, offering clean and quiet operation for smaller aircraft.
Electric propulsion systems
Propellers declined in use with the rise of ____, which offered higher speeds and greater efficiency for long-haul flights.
Jet engines
____ and _____ propellers allowed for better control and efficiency across varying flight conditions
Variable pitch and constant-speed
From ancient toys to advanced technologies, _____ have played a vital role in the history of flight.
Aircraft propellers
A stick with blades that create lift when spun, showcasing the potential for rotary-wing flight.
Simple Design (The Bamboo-Copter: Ancient Inspiration)
Leonardo’s design, while not practical at the time, highlighted the possibility of flight using spinning blades.
Rotary-Wing Concept (Leonardo’s Aerial Screw)
Sir _____ conducted early experiments with propellers, laying the foundation for practical designs.
George Cayley
their evolution reflects humanity’s relentless pursuit of flight and our ingenuity in conquering the skies.
Aircraft propellers
from ancient toys to modern aircraft, these blades have driven humanity’s journey through the skies.
Propellers
The wrights’ first successful powered flight utilized airfoil-shaped wooden propellers, a significant advancement.
1903
are fundamental to powered flight, converting engine rotation into forward thrust
Propellers (Power of Rotation)
propellers influenced by what in the design of aircraft propellers, taking advantage of existing technology.
Marine Influence
are crucial for powered flight, transforming rotational motion into thrust
Propellers
A propeller with blades that can be manually adjusted to different pitch angles while on the ground, but remains fixed during flight. This allows optimization for different flight conditions without the need for complex in-flight adjustment mechanisms.
Ground Adjustable pitch propeller
A propeller that can be adjusted to a negative pitch angle, directing thrust forward instead of backward. This helps reduce landing roll distance or provide reverse thrust during ground operations.
Reverse Pitch Propeller
A propeller that allows the pilot to choose between two different pitch settings during flight, typically for takeoff and cruise conditions.
Two-position propeller
A propeller with blades set at a single, unchangeable pitch angle, optimized for a specific flight condition (such as takeoff or cruising). It is simple and lightweight but less efficient across varying flight conditions.
Fixed Pitch Propeller
A propeller that automatically adjusts its blade pitch to maintain a constant RPM regardless of changes in airspeed or power settings. This maximizes efficiency and engine performance.
Constant-speed propeller
A propeller designed to rotate its blades parallel to the airflow when the engine fails or is shut down. This reduces drag and allows for smoother and more efficient gliding in twin-engine aircraft.
Full-Feathering Propeller
A propeller with blades whose pitch angle can be adjusted by the pilot during flight to match varying flight requirements, improving efficiency across different phases of flight.
Controllable pitch propeller
