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KIN 341 - PHYSICAL DISABILITIES > AMPUTATIONS > Flashcards

AMPUTATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

What is an amputation?

A
  • loss of a limb or portion of a limb
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2
Q

What is an acquired amputation?

A
  • an amputation that has occurred after birth
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3
Q

What is congenital absence?

A
  • born with the limb
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4
Q

What are some common reasons for amputation?

A
  • Birth Defect
  • Accident
  • Tumors
  • Infections
  • Poor Blood Flow
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5
Q

What are some common issues associated with an amputation? (depending on reason)

A
  • Traumatic brain injury
  • Post Trauma Stress Disorder (PSTD)
  • Psychosocial stressors (significant life changes)
  • Pain (acute post-surgical pain and phantom limb pain)
  • Phantom sensation (feeling the body part is still there)
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6
Q

What are some options to treat phantom limb pain?

A
  • Massage
  • Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
  • Medications
  • Exercises
  • Relaxation Training
  • Distractions
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7
Q

What is a TENS machine?

A
  • sends electrical pulses through the skin to start your body’s own pain killers. The electrical pulses can release endorphins and other substances to stop pain signals in the brain.
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8
Q

What are some common problems after an amputation?

A
  • infection
  • edema
  • dermatologic problems
  • neuromas
  • joint tightness
  • balance problems
  • body images
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9
Q

What is a neuroma?

A
  • a small ball of nerves at the end of the injured site
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10
Q

What is edema?

A
  • swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body’s tissues
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11
Q

What are some signs of infection?

A
  • red, warm, swollen, foul-smelling, draining – open wound
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12
Q

What are the five body image adjustment stages?

A
  1. denial
  2. anger
  3. depression
  4. grief
  5. adjustment
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13
Q

Explain the denial stage of body adjustment.

A
  • defence mechanism used to protect (not ready to accept)
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14
Q

Explain the anger stage of body adjustment.

A
  • really fear of being forced to accept the situation
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15
Q

Explain the depression stage of body adjustment.

A
  • takes over when they realize what they have lost
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16
Q

Explain the grief stage of body adjustment.

A
  • loss of their limb and their old life
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17
Q

Explain the adjustment stage of body adjustment.

A
  • when they realize what their abilities are – discover a new normal
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18
Q

What is pre prosthesis training?

A
  • teach the individual how to function without a limb (control pain & swelling, prevent joint stiffness, and remobilize the remaining limb)
19
Q

What is post prosthesis training?

A
  • teach the individual how to use and care for a prosthetic limb (focus on proper fit, start weight-bearing on the stump, increase time of wearing the prosthetic limb)
20
Q

List some important areas of functional skill development in regard to post prosthetic therapy.

A
  • Limb & prosthesis care
  • Bilateral integration
  • Postural control & alignment
  • Sensory awareness
  • Activity adaptation
21
Q

What are the basics of stump care?

A
  • Wash and dry stump
  • Apply lotion when dry
  • Put a shrinker sock on
  • Clean prosthetic limb
22
Q

Why is it important to practice movements that require bilateral integration?

A
  • prosthesis lacks sensory feedback so it is difficult to position and control certain movements
  • practice allows residual limb to maintain muscle and joint integrity
23
Q

Why are postural control and alignment important for an amputee?

A
  • awareness and training will help avoid secondary problems with back and hip pain
24
Q

Why is sensory awareness and processing important?

A
  • individuals must learn to compensate for a decrease in sensory input
25
Q

What are some aspects of team therapy in regard to working with an amputee?

A
  • Education
  • ROM & Strengthening Exercises
  • Ambulation & Mobility Training
  • Functional Training (home & community)
26
Q

What is coping?

A
  • defined as “a capacity to respond” to stress (can help or make the situation worse)
27
Q

What is managing?

A
  • implies a person has the “knowledge and resources” to control the stressful situation
28
Q

What are some coping styles?

A
  • problem-focused
  • emotion-focused
  • approach coping
  • avoidance coping
  • positive coping
  • meaning-focused coping
  • spiritual coping
29
Q

What is problem-focused coping?

A
  • remove stressor
30
Q

What is emotion-focused coping?

A
  • reduce or prevent emotional distress
31
Q

What is approach coping?

A
  • dealing directly with the stressor
32
Q

What is avoidance coping?

A
  • not dealing with the stressor
33
Q

What is positive coping?

A
  • engage in positive experiences
34
Q

What is meaning-focused coping?

A
  • find meaning in a stressful situation
35
Q

What is spiritual coping?

A
  • engage in spiritual activities
36
Q

What are some important considerations when dealing with a client?

A
  • lifestyle
  • interests
  • personality
  • resources
  • finances
  • supports
  • abilities and limitations
37
Q

What are some good relaxation techniques?

A
  • deep breathing
  • progressive relaxation
  • meditation
  • visualization
  • autogenic
38
Q

What is progressive relaxation?

A
  • you tense a group of muscles as you breathe in, and you relax them as you breathe out
39
Q

What is visualization?

A
  • the formation of a mental image of something

- essentially envisioning yourself doing the action

40
Q

What is autogenic relaxation?

A
  • “tell” your body to relax and help control breathing, blood pressure, heartbeat, and body temperature.
41
Q

What is Leisure Education/Counselling?

A
  • recommended for Individuals who have limited knowledge, skills, and/or resources related to the benefits of a healthy leisure lifestyle.
  • need to help individuals learn and practice healthy leisure skills.
42
Q

Why is it important to facilitate experiential leisure opportunities?

A
  • recommended for individuals who have limited awareness and knowledge about the positive benefits of leisure involvement to management stress.
  • needs to help individuals identify and participate in meaningful leisure activities (increase competence and control).
43
Q

Why is it important to facilitate community and social engagement?

A
  • recommended for individuals who have limited social supports and/or leisure companions.
  • need to connect individuals for support and leisure participation opportunities

KIN 341 - PHYSICAL DISABILITIES (5 decks)

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