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Wildlife Fishery Biology > Amphibian Families > Flashcards

Amphibian Families Flashcards

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1
Q

Order Caudata: 9 Families (4 aquatic, 3 semi/terrestrial)

A 
Aquatic:
1. Cryptobranchidae
2. Proteidae 
3. Sirenidae
4. Amphiumidae 
Terrestrial:
1. Ambystomatidae
2. Salamandridae
3. Plethodontidae
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2
Q

Amphiumidae Characteristics (4)

A

“Congo Eels”
Gill slits (neoteny)
4 tiny legs (1, 2, 3 toes)
Internal Fertilization

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3
Q

Caudata reproduction

A

Mostly Internal (spermatophore)

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4
Q

Cryptobranchidae characteristics (5)

A 
"Hellbenders"
Gill slits (neoteny)
Fast moving streams
External Fertilization (rocky crevice) 
Large & Long-lived
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5
Q

Proteidae characteristics (3)

A

Mudpuppies
External Gills (neoteny)
Slow moving water

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6
Q

Sirenidae characteristics (5)

A 
External gills (neoteny)
2 Limbs
Slow moving water
External fertilization 
Aestivation (burrow into moist ground- survive dry period)
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7
Q

Ambystomatidae characteristics

A

Mole salamanders
Fossorial
Woodlands
Temporary pools for eggs (ephemeral)

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8
Q

Plethodontidae characteristics (4 & 3 families)

A 
Most abundant
Lungless
Direct development
Internal Fertilization 
3 unique families
-Plethodon (terrestrial)
-Desmognathus (semi-aquatic)
-Eurycea (more aquatic)
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9
Q

Salamandridae characteristics (4)

A

“Newts”
Widespread
Juvenile intermediate terrestrial phase (eft)
Rough skin

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10
Q

Difference between frogs & toads

A

Frogs:
Long & slim
No parotid glands
Lay eggs in masses

Toads:
Short & stout
Raised parotid glands
Lay eggs in chains

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11
Q

Amplexus

A

Position males take in order to mate with females as soon as the eggs are released

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12
Q

Anura Reproduction

A

External

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13
Q

Anura Families (5)

A
  1. Bufonidae
  2. Ranidae
  3. Hylidae
  4. Scaphiopodidae
  5. Microhylidae
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14
Q

Bufonidae characteristics (3)

A

“True Toads”
Parotid glands
Vertical Pupils

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15
Q

Scaphiopodidae (4)

A

“North American Spadefoots”
Fossorial (blade on hind feet)
Vertical Pupil
Lack parotid gland

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16
Q

Hylidae characteristics (4)

A

“Treefrogs and their allies”
Small slim waist
2 Genra don’t climb (acris, pseudoacris)
One genus climbs (Hyla)

17
Q

Microhylidae characteristics (4)

A

Very Small
“Narrow mouthed frogs”
Fossorial & Terrestrial
Use pond edges

18
Q

Ranidae characteristics (4)

A

“True Toads”
Long muscular legs
Slim Waist
Live around ponds

19
Q

Gymnophionia overview (7)

A 
Legless
Poison Glands
Fossorial 
Highly ossified skull (for burrowing)
Retractable tentacles 
Sharp Teeth & Powerful jaws
Internal Fertilization

Wildlife Fishery Biology (6 decks)

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