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Parasit Final Crap > Amoebae > Flashcards

Amoebae Flashcards

1
Q

What is a cyst?

A

Non-motile, environmentatlly resistant form serving often as the transmission state

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2
Q

What is a trophozoite?

A

This is the active, motile, growing stage

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3
Q

What are the amoebae we are concerned with?

A

Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba invadens
Acanthamoeba spp.
Naegleria fowleri

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4
Q

______ is associated with the disease amoebiasis and amoebic dysentery

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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5
Q

Intestinal amoebiasis is associated with what?

A

Variable secretory diarrhea, dysentery, and colitis

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6
Q

Extraintestinal amoebiasis is associated with what?

A

Liver abscesses (MAIN), peritonitis, and pleuropneumonia

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7
Q

Entamoeba histolytica has a _______ life cycle

A

Direct

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8
Q

How can an animal become infected with Entamoeba histolytica?

A

Ingestion of the cyst in food/water contaminated with feces

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9
Q

The mature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica contains how many nuclei?

A

4

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10
Q

What are 2 things about the adult Entamoeba histolytica

A

They inhabit the lower gut (LI, cecum, colon

The trophozoite reproduces asexually to form cysts

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11
Q

What is the infective form of Entamoeba histolytica? Is it zoonotic?

A

Cyst is the infective form

YES, thought to be, but only from humans to pets.

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12
Q

What are the classic lesions you’ll see in an Entamoeba histolytica infection?

A

Flask shaped ulcerations in the gut

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13
Q

How would you diagnose Antamoeba histolytica?

A

ID cysts in the feces
Fecal antigen test
Also realize that if the animal is positive, the humans associated with the animal are likely positive

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14
Q

Treatment for Entamoeba histolytica?

A

Metronidazole

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15
Q

________ causes a reptilian amoebiasis that is similar to Entamoeba histolytica

A

Entamoeba invadens

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16
Q

________ is often seen as a problem in captive snakes and turtles; especially in bearded dragons

A

Entamoeba invadens

17
Q

How would you diagnosis Entamoeba invadens?

A

Same way you would Entamoeba histolytica. See trophozoites or cysts in feces.

18
Q

How would you treat an animal infected with Entamoeba invadens?

A

Same as Entamoeba histolytica.

Metronidazole

19
Q

_______ is a ubiquitous free-living organism that occurs in water, soil, and sewage

A

Acanthamoeba species

20
Q

Acanthamoeba is an ________ parasite

A

accidental; it enters via respiratory tract or break in the skin

21
Q

What example did the Brewmaster give of humans becoming infected with Acanthomoebiasis?

A

Contact lens wearers; chronic conjunctivitis

22
Q

What age of dog does Acanthamoebiasis usually infect?

A

Mainly in dogs less than a year old; affects the respiratory and nervous system

23
Q

A dog comes in that is suffering from pneumonia and meningoencephalitis. What would be a possible differential?

A

Acanthomebiasis

24
Q

How would you detect acanthomebiasis? How would you treat it?

A

Detect the trophooites and wrinkled double walled cysts in tissue or tracheal wash
No treatment known

25
Q

______ is a freeliving parasite that affects mainly humans

A

Naegleria fowleri

26
Q

What does Naegleria fowleri cause in humans? Can it affect animals?

A

It causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.

Yes it can, and it is almost always fatal

27
Q

Where is Naegleria fowleri likely to be found?

A

Areas of thermally-enriched H2O

28
Q

What is the transmission of Naegleria fowleri?

A

Trophozoites or cysts enter the nasal cavity.

29
Q

What is the main concern with Naegleria fowleri?

A

Once they are in the nasal cavity, they migrate to the brain via the olfactory nerve

30
Q

T/F Naegleria fowleri is usually asymptomatic

A

FALSE; this is rapidly fatal. Often diagnosed post-mortem

Parasit Final Crap (5 decks)

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