Amniotic Fluid

Question 1

pH of Amniotic Fluid.

Answer 1

7.2-7.4

Question 2

Nitrazine Paper test.

Answer 2

Useful in diff btw vaginal and amniotic fluid in cases of PROM.
Amniotic Fluid turns blue to indicate alkaline pH.

Question 3

Amniotic fluid is max at

Answer 3

32-34 wks.

1Ltr.

Question 4

Major Contributor of amniotic fluid at

1) 1st Trimester
2) 12-20 wks.
3) > 20 wks

Answer 4

1) Maternal Plasma
2) Fetal skin - transudate
3) Fetal urine.

Question 5

Major contributor of amniotic fluid

Answer 5

Fetal urine

Question 6

When does fetal urine production begin

Answer 6

12 wks

Question 7

Amniotic fluid colour at term

Answer 7

Straw coloured

Question 8

Green amniotic fluid

Answer 8

meconium

seen in Fetal distress , Breech or transverse lie, Listeria infection.

Question 9

Golden amniotic fluid

Answer 9

Rh Incompatablility

Question 10

Tobacco juice colour

Answer 10

Intrauterine death.

Question 11

Saffron / Yellowish green amniotic fluid

Answer 11

Post dated pregnancy

Question 12

Dark Colour amniotic fluid

Answer 12

Abruptio placenta

Question 13

does amniotic fluid have nutritive function

Answer 13

no

Question 14

Composition of amniotic fluid

Answer 14

99% water.

Question 15

Best investigation to measure amniotic fluid

Answer 15

AFI - amniotic fluid index.

Normal - 5 - 24cms

Question 16

Oligohydramnios . Dx

Answer 16

AFI < 5ms.
Single largest vertical pocket- <2cms.
Volume <200ml

Question 17

Polyhydramnios- Dx

Answer 17

AFI >25cms
Single largest vertical pocket >8 cms.
Volume >2 lts

Question 18

MCC of mild Oligo/Polyhydramnios

Answer 18

Idiopathic

Question 19

MCC of Severe OligoHydramnios

Answer 19

Malformation - MC - renal anomaly

Question 20

MCC of Severe Polyhydramnios

Answer 20

GI malformations > NTD

Question 21

Causes of Oligohydramnios

DILMPPAR.

Answer 21

Idiopathic, Renal anomalies, Drugs like indomethacin and ACE’s, IUGR, Leakage following amniocentesis, Maternal PIH, PROM, post term pregnancy, Amnion nodosum, Chromosomal Abnormalities, Renal Anomalies

Question 22

Causes of Polyhydramnios

Answer 22

Multifetal pregnancy, Maternal DM, high Fetal CO, Swallowing defects. Trisomy 18 and 21, NTD, Chorangioma of placenta and Torch infxn

Question 23

Effects of Oligohydramnios on Pregnancy

Answer 23

1) Less space for fetus to grow - MC Lung Hypoplasia
2) Amniotic band Seq.
3) Meconium Aspiration in late term Oligohydramnios. leading to fetal distress.

Question 24

Amniotic band seq.

Answer 24

Happens in oligohydramnios.
Tightening or wrapping of membrane around fetus leading to devascularization.
MC- Limb amputation>Craniofacial defect

Question 25

Effects of Polyhydramnios in pregnancy

Answer 25

PROM/ Preterm labour - Stretching of membrane.
Resp Distress to mother.
Abruptio Placenta
Cord Prolapse
Malpresentations.
Amniotic fluid embolism
PPH due to loss of tone due to overstretching

Question 26

Effects of Oligohydramnios in late term pregnancy

Answer 26

1) Meconium aspiration

2) CTEV. Cong Talipes Equinovarus.

Question 27

TOP of Preg in idiopathic Oligohyd.

Answer 27

37-38 wks + 6 d

Question 28

Mx of Oligohyd.

Answer 28

Amnio Infusion of NS

Question 29

Mx of Polyhyd.

Answer 29

Serial amniocentesis in cases of severe maternal resp distress.
Indomethacin before 32wks.