Aminosäuren Flashcards

1
Q

Proteinogene AS

A

Zu den proteinogenen Aminosäuren gehören die 20 Aminosäuren, die im genetischen Code angelegt sind, d.h. für die es ein Codon bzw. Codogen auf der RNS bzw. DNS gibt.

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2
Q

Essentielle Aminosäuren

A

Zu den essentiellen Aminosäuren gehören die verzweigtkettigen (Valin, Leucin, Isoleucin, Threonin) und die aromatischen Aminosäuren (Phenylalanin, Tryptophan).

Außerdem sind die Aminosäuren Methionin und Lysin essentiell, für Kleinkinder zusätzlich Histidin.

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3
Q

Alanin

A

(Ala, A)
Unpolar-neutral

Eine Methylgruppe

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4
Q

Valin

A

(Val, V)
Unpolar-Neutral

C- und 2 Methylgruppen

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5
Q

Methionin

A

(Met, M)
Unpolar-Neutral

CH3-S-CH2-CH2-CN…

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6
Q

Leucin

A

(Leu, L)
Unpolar-Neutral

(CH3)2 -CH-CH2-CN..

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7
Q

Isoleucin

A

(Ile, I)
Unpolar-neutrl
CH3-CH2-CH(-CH3)-CN…

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8
Q

Prolin

A

(Pro, P)
Unpolar-Neutral
5 Ring mit NH

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9
Q

Tryptophan

A

(Try, W)
Unpolar-Neutral
Phenyl+5Ring mit NH über eine CH2-Gruppe

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10
Q

Phenylalanin

A

(Phe, F)
Unpolar-Neutral
Ph-CH2-CN…

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11
Q

Lysin

A

(Lys, K)
Basisch

NH2-(CH2)4-CN…

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12
Q

Histidin

A

(His, H)
Basisch

5Ring mit N (DB) und NH. über CH2-Gruppe

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13
Q

Arginin

A

(Arg, R)
Basisch
NH2-C(=NH)-NH-(CH2)3-CN…

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14
Q

Tryosin

A

(Tyr, Y)
Polar-neutral
mit Phenolrest über CH2-Gruppe

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15
Q

Glycin

A

(Gly, G)
Polar-neutral

Einfachste Aminosäure

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16
Q

Threonin

A

(Thr, T)
Polar-neutral
CH3-CH(-OH)-CN…

17
Q

Glutamin

A

(Gln, Q)
Polar-neutral

NH2-C(=O)-CH2-CH2-CN…

18
Q

Serin

A

(Ser, S)
Polar-neutral

HO-CH2-CN…

19
Q

Cystein

A

(Cys, C)
Polar-neutral

HS-CH2-CN….

20
Q

Asparagin

A

(Asn, N)
Polar-neutral

NH2-C(=O)-CH2-CN…

21
Q

Glutaminsäure

A

(Glu, E)
Sauer

COOH-CH2-CH2-CN…

22
Q

Asparaginsäure

A

(Asp, D)
Sauer

COOH-CH2-CN…