Aminophylline (Somophyllin)

Question 1

Classification

Answer 1

Methylxanthine bronchodilator, theophylline derivative

Question 2

Mechanism of Action

Answer 2

• Relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial airways & pulmonary blood vessels
• May have anti-inflammatory properties
• Increases heart rate and contractility. Stimulates the myocardium directly (not an alpha- or beta-adrenergic agent)

Question 3

Indications

Answer 3

• Bronchospasm

Question 4

Contraindications

Answer 4

• Known sensitivity
• Use with caution in liver disease, kidney disease, seizures, or cardiac arrythmias

Question 5

Adverse Effects

Answer 5

• Seizures, cardiac arrest, arrythmias
• Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or cramping
• Headache
• Tachycardia, palpitations, anxiety, ventricular arrhythmias

Question 6

Administration

Answer 6

• 250-500 mg in 100 cc D5W, administer over 20-30 minutes, do not exceed 20 mg/min

Question 7

Special Considerations

Answer 7

• Rapid administration may cause hypotension
• Concomitant use with beta-blockers may lead to theophylline toxicity