Aminoglycosides Flashcards
What are aminoglycosides used for?
Serious gram-negative infections and synergistically with beta-lactams for some gram-positive infections
Example: Pseudomonas and enterococcal endocarditis
What class of drugs do aminoglycosides belong to?
Bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitors that bind the 30S ribosomal subunit
How are aminoglycosides administered?
IV or IM; not given orally except neomycin for gut decontamination
What are the contraindications for aminoglycosides?
Caution in patients with preexisting renal or auditory impairment
Which medications increase the nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides?
- Vancomycin
- Amphotericin B
- Loop diuretics
What are common adverse effects of aminoglycosides?
Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity (hearing loss, vestibular dysfunction)
What is achieved when aminoglycosides are combined with beta-lactams?
Synergy
What lab values should be monitored when using aminoglycosides?
- Serum peak and trough levels
- BUN
- Creatinine
What nursing considerations are important for aminoglycoside administration?
Assess renal function and hearing; adjust dosing per pharmacokinetic monitoring
What should patients report when taking aminoglycosides?
Changes in hearing or balance
What is important regarding hydration while taking aminoglycosides?
Maintain adequate hydration
Are there specific food or beverage restrictions with aminoglycosides?
No specific restrictions; adequate fluid intake is important
Fill in the blank: Aminoglycosides are __________ inhibitors that bind the 30S ribosomal subunit.
bactericidal protein synthesis
