Amino Acids Flashcards
1
Q
hydrophobic AAs
A
Glycine Alanine Leucine Valine Methionine Proline Tryptophan
2
Q
polar AAs
A
Serine Threonine Tyrosine Asparagine Glutamine Cysteine
3
Q
positive charges at pH 7
A
Arginine and lysine
*histidine has aromatic ring that can be positively charged
4
Q
negative charge at pH 7
A
aspartate and glutamate
5
Q
positive charge at pH 5
A
histidine
6
Q
Charged AAs (side chain often form salt bridges)
A
- Arginine - Arg - R
- Lysine - Lys - K
- Aspartic acid - Asp - D
- Glutamic acid - Glu - E
7
Q
Polar AAs (form hydrogen bonds as proton donors or acceptors)
A
- Glutamine - Gln - Q
- Asparagine - Asn - N
- Histidine - His - H
- Serine - Ser - S
- Threonine - Thr - T
- Tyrosine - Tyr - Y
- Cysteine - Cys - C
8
Q
Amphipathic (often found at the surface of proteins or lipid membranes, sometimes also classified as polar)
A
- Tryptophan - Trp - W
- Tyrosine - Tyr - Y
- Methionine - Met - M (may function as a ligand to metal ions)
9
Q
Hydrophobic (normally buried inside the protein core)
A
- Alanine - Ala - A
- Isoleucine - Ile - I
- Leucine - Leu - L
- Methionine - Met - M
- Phenylalanine - Phe - F
- Valine - Val - V
- Proline - Pro - P
- Glycine - Gly - G
10
Q
disulfide bond
A
a covalent bond between sulfurs from 2 cysteine molecules by oxidation
11
Q
primary structure of proteins
A
peptide bonds
12
Q
what are globular proteins
A
- water-soluble
- non-polar core (hydrophilic outside, hydrophobic inside)
- ie myoglobin
13
Q
proline significance in protein folding
A
- α-helix breaker
* will be found in turns or loops
