Amino Acids Flashcards
Describe and draw the structure of an amino acid
Contains a carboxylic acid group and amino group separated by a CH and R group.
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Are amino acids soluble
Yes
The reaction for when the molecule acts basic
What solution is formed
Reversible or irreversible
H2N-CHR-COOH + H2O <—> H3N+-CHR-COOH + OH-
An alkali solution forms
The reaction for when the molecule acts acidic in water
What solution is formed
Reversible or irreversible
H2N-CHR-COOH + H2O <—> H2N-CHR-COO- + H3O+
Acidic solution
Reversible reaction
Zwitterion definition
A molecule or ion having separate positively and negatively charged groups
How is an amino acid a zwitterion
Equation to show this
The H+ ion can transfer from the COOH group to the NH2
H2N—CHR—COOH <—> H3N+—CHR—COO-
Charge of the amino acid zwitterion
Neutral as it has both a positive and negative charge
Describe the salt formation of amino acids
How do they form salts?
What type of bonding?
Can form salts with acids and bases
Will include an ionic bond between either the COO- or NH3+ and another ion to make a salt
Peptide bonding - when two amino acid molecules react together what type of reaction occurs
What is the inorganic molecule what reaction forms this
An acid-base reaction
H2O is released - the OH from COOH and H from NH2 —> condensation
What is the bond between two amino acids
Name, write and draw
Peptide bond
CO—NH
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What are two amino acids together called
What are three called
What are more called
Dipeptide
Tripeptide
Polypeptide
What is the term for a specific polypeptide
Protein
What makes a protein different from a polypeptide
A protein has interactions in three dimensions giving it a secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure.
What are the interactions within a protein
Disulphide bridges
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Covalent bond
Conditions for hydrolysing proteins
Polypeptide chains are broken by heating with concentrated hydrochloric acid.
The peptide bond is broken
