Amino Acid Health Disorders

Question 1

Sulfanoamides

Answer 1

Compete with PABA for incorporation into folic acid

-results in inactive product

Question 2

Vit B6

Answer 2

Production of neurotransmitters (porphyrins = serotonin, melatonin)
Deficiency: depression, anxiety

Question 3

Albinism

Answer 3

Defective melanin synthesis from tyrosine

Defective enzyme = Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

Question 4

Phenylketonuria

Answer 4

Defective conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine
Deficient enzyme = Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAHD)
Symptoms - neonatal vomiting, mental retardation, seizures, hypopigmentaion
Causes build up of phenylalanine in blood and brain = toxic

Question 5

Ammonia buildup

Answer 5

Extremely toxic
Removes a-ketoglutarate from Krebs cycle
-lethargy and fatigue, seizures, stroke-like symptoms

Question 6

Urea cycle disorder treatments

Answer 6

Balancing dietary proteins
Medication with alternative blood ammonia removal pathways
Liver transplant

Question 7

Protein deficiency

Answer 7

Kwashiorkor

Question 8

Aspartame

Answer 8

Poisonous for Phenylketonuria patients

Contains phenylalanine

Question 9

Medicine to remove ammonia from blood

Answer 9

Sodium pheylbutyrate