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Module 1 Amino acids and Peptides > Amino A and Peptides > Flashcards

Amino A and Peptides Flashcards

1
Q

neuroendocrine employs short polymers of AA called

A

Peptides

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2
Q

humans and animals cannot synthesize these 10 amino acids

A

L-a - amino acids (human diet must contain these for growth)

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3
Q

how many amino acids does the kidney filter each day

A

50

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4
Q

Genus lathyrus disease

A

an irreversible disease where individuals lose control of their limbs

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5
Q

neucleotide triplets are called

A

codons

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6
Q

the R-groups of aa can be classified as 2 ways

A

hyrdo philic or phobic

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7
Q

proteins with additional amino acids in it

A

posttranslations

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8
Q

an L @ amino acid found in every domain of life

A

Selenocysteine

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9
Q

building blocks of proteins

A

Amino acids and peptides

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10
Q

what is in the middle of the amino acid structure

A

the central carbon

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11
Q

acids also has the amino group (NH2)

A

that has Nitrogen

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12
Q

other side of the carbon is carboxyl

A

COOH

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13
Q

Thus, amino group, central carbon and carboxyl group made

up the structure is called

A

an amino acid

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14
Q

what makes amino acids special

A

R group above C

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15
Q

Levo means left sided while dextro means right sided

A

the L-alanine amino
acid is called as such because the amino group is on the left
side

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16
Q

amino acids actually exist as L amino

acids since they are all in the L confirmation or orientation

A

Naturally produced in the human body are the L

amino acids

17
Q

what are the aliphatic amino acids

A

has linear or branched chain

branched are the Valine (V), Leucine
L) and Isoleucine (I
Linear are Glycine and Alanine
GAVLI

18
Q

HYDROXYL (-OH) AMINO ACIDS

A

Another amino acid group which contains hydroxyl are the
Serine (S), Threonine (T), and Tyrosine (Y)
- forms H bonds that allows proteins to interact
STY

19
Q

SULFUR (-SH) CONTAINING AMINO ACIDS

A 
Amino acids that contains sulfhydryl group are Cysteine 
and Methionine (M)

CM

  • important in interaction between protein and catalysis of enzyme
20
Q

ACIDIC AMINO ACIDS

  • Amides are the similar version of aspartate and glutamate
    but possess an extra amine group
A

Aspartic Acid/ Aspartate (D),
Asparagine (N), Glutamic Acid/ Glutamate (E), and
Glutamine (Q)

DNEQ

21
Q

BASIC AMINO ACIDS

A

are basic because of their basicity of their
functional group

Arginine ®, Lysine (K), and
Histidine (H)

RKH

22
Q

This amino acids are in contrast with the aliphatic amino acid
group

A

AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS

have ring side chains
● Aromatic amino acids are Phenylalanine (F), Tryptophan
(W), Tyrosine (Y), and Histidine (H)

FWYH

23
Q

IMINO AMINO ACIDS

A

Proline (P)

  • technically not an amino acid. imino

Proline is also a building block of protein

24
Q

classification of amino acids

A
  • non polar Amino acids
  • POLAR, NON CHARGED AMINO ACIDS
  • POLAR, CHARGED AMINO ACIDS
25
Q

this amino acid are

  • neutral
  • no charge, not interact well with water
  • no meoity to have free interaction
A

NON POLAR Amino acid

-Alanine, Valine, Leucine,
Isoleucine, Proline, Methionine, Phenylalanine and
Tryptophan

26
Q

this amino acid are
- don’t have a charge at
their physiologic pH or conditions

A

POLAR, NON CHARGED AMINO ACIDS

Glycine, Serine,
Threonine, Cysteine, Asparagine, Glutamine, and
Tyrosine

27
Q 
this amino acid are 
-have charge at their
physiologic pH or conditions
- can be acidic or basic 
- amino acid are negatively charged 
-
A

Acidic amino acids are negatively charge and these amino
acids are Aspartic Acid, and Glutamic Acid
● Basic amino acids are positively charge and these amino
acids are Lysine, Arginine, Histidine

28
Q

this property of amino acid
- Smallest amino acid
Can fit in regions inaccessible to other amino acids

A

Glycine

29
Q

this property of amino acid

  • hyrdophobic
  • express inside the protein
  • not exposed to the blood
A

amino acid with aliphatic or aromatic r group

30
Q

this property of amino acid

  • basic and acidic
  • hydrophilic
  • can be seen outside of proteins
  • stabilizes protein protein thru ionic bonds
A

amino acids with charged R groups

31
Q

this property of amino acid

  • specifically serine and cysteine
  • very important in enzymatic catalysis
  • interact readily with other cells
A

hydroxyl and sulfide amino acids

32
Q

this property of amino acid

  • serine, tyrosine, and threonine
  • undergoes phosporylation
  • important for functions of enzymes
A

hydroxyl amino acids

33
Q

this property of amino acid

-Important buffer for acid-base balance at physiologic pH

A

Imidazole group of Histidine

34
Q
  • 21s amino acid
  • similar to cysteine
  • selenium
  • not coded in the genes
  • deficiency results in Keshan disease
A

SELENOCYSTEINE

35
Q

Keshan disease

A

lead to dilated
cardiomyopathy which is a type of heart failure due to
increased oxidative stress

36
Q

NEUROTRANSMITTERS, HORMONES, AND

OTHER DERIVATIVES

A
  • Thyroid hormones
  • Amines
  • Nitic oxide
  • ## Carnitine
37
Q

this neurotransmitter and derivative
- Derived from Tyrosine
› Important for regulating metabolism

A

Thyroid hormones

Module 1 Amino acids and Peptides (4 decks)

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