American Styles

Question 1

The typical early colonial American house was simply an English medieval house with a wooden
exterior. It often had an additional ‘lean-to’ on the north, bringing the roof down close to the
ground to help protect against winter wind and storms. The Cape Cod cottage was often built by
ships’ carpenters entirely without foundations so that it “floated” on the sand dunes of the cape

Answer 1

EARLY COLONIAL HOUSES

Question 2

had clapboard siding, a thatched roof and a chimney made from twigs finished with wattle and

daub, which is highly flammable.

Answer 2

SMALL COTTAGES

Question 3

a composite building material used for making walls, in which a woven lattice of wooden strips. usually made of some combination of wet
soil, clay, sand, animal dung and straw.

Answer 3

Wattle and daub

Question 4

building
was made of squared oak timbers joined by mortises, tenons, and wooden pegs; the building’s cagelike structural skeleton is often strengthened at the corners with braces.

Answer 4

MEDIEVAL HALF TIMBERING

Question 5

has an overhanging second story, small windows and central chimney

Answer 5

NEW ENGLAND HALL AND PARLOR

Question 6

Has a steep pitched roofs that were essential for allowing rain and snow to run off easily

Answer 6

GARRISON COLONIAL

Question 7

Developed from the hall and parlor or Garrison style with the addition of an ell or lean to on the back

Answer 7

NEW ENGLAND SALT BOX

Question 8

low, broad, single-story frame building with a moderately steep pitched gabled roof, a large central chimney, and very little ornamentation.

Answer 8

CAPE COD HOUSE

Question 9

Portuguese influence was present with “paintbrush feet” or

Answer 9

Spanish feet/ Braganza feet

Question 10

had back uprights consisting of split spindles or flat bars

Answer 10

BANISTER CHAIR

Question 11

had a back with horizontal slats, stretchers to support the
construction and had either plain or rush seat

Answer 11

LADDERBACK CHAIR

Question 12

Splat resembling a with Jacobean turnings, Spanish foot, rush woven finish

Answer 12

QUEEN ANNE CHAIR

Question 13

Named after William Brewster, with 4 heavy turned posts, many turned spindled, wooden seat or rush woven finish

Answer 13

BREWSTER CHAIR

Question 14

Distinct carved decoration of sunflower panel and tulip design outside the panels

Answer 14

CONNECTICUT “SUNFLOWER” CHEST

Question 15

All over pattern of flowers and sinuous vines carved in very low relief

Answer 15

HADLEY CHEST

Question 16

Gate leg with split turning, upright back

Answer 16

GATE LEG TABLE

Question 17

Small drop leaf table whose leaves are supported by a swinging bracket resembling wings of a butterfly

Answer 17

BUTTERFLY TABLE

Question 18

Severe solid backed chair. Probably developed from the
detachment of a piece of wall paneling with a seat board attachment.

Answer 18

WAINSCOT CHAIR

Question 19

a chair with a table-top back

Answer 19

CHAIR-TABLE

Question 20

dressing table

Answer 20

LOWBOY

Question 21

had shaped aprons, flat stretchers, bun feet, and bell turnings on legs (William & Mary style)

Answer 21

HIGHBOYS (TALLBOYS)

Question 22

was a common form of
sleeping furniture in
the 17th century. It was hung with bed-curtains which, when drawn, formed with the frame and panel ceiling a small, box like room.

Answer 22

JOINED TESTER BEDSTEAD

Question 23

composed of cabriole leg with club foot, patterned after the Queen Anne Chair

Answer 23

BANDY CHAIR

Question 24

wooden rocking chair with a high spindle back, a
decorative top panel, and a seat and arms that curve down at the front

Answer 24

BOSTON ROCKER

Question 25

Turned splayed legs, saddled-shaped seat with spindles, back and arms

Answer 25

WINDSOR CHAIR

Question 26

square shape chair with 2 backs connecting

Answer 26

ROUNDABOUT CHAIR / MITER CHAIR

Question 27

chests, cabinets, and desks with fronts divided into three parts decorated with shell motifs, made of solid mahogany (cut from a single piece of wood)

Answer 27

BLOCK-FRONT

Question 28

the most famous name in the
decorative arts of the Federal period

Answer 28

DUNCAN
PHYFE

Question 29

he designed in the Sheraton, Directoire, and
Empire styles, although he gave the designs his own interpretation

Answer 29

DUNCAN PHYFE

Question 30

example of early Federal style, inspired by Sheraton style.

Answer 30

DUNCAN PHYFE SOFA

Question 31

This much admired chair design is an American adaptation of the
Empire style as developed by Lambert Hitchcock. It has a black painted frame with decorative painting, turned legs, and rush seat.

Answer 31

Empire Style Chair

Question 32

It was designed to provide a surface and storage for a gentlewoman’s needlework or other leisure actives, including basket-weaving, crochet, macramé and painting as
it was customary for women to gather and take up work around the table.

Answer 32

WORK TABLE

Question 33

Chairs had shield, oval, or lyre backs;
straight front legs with spade feet, and carved back legs.

Answer 33

SAMUEL
MCINTIRE

Question 34

He Followed the styles of Hepplewhite

and Sheraton,

Answer 34

SAMUEL
MCINTIRE

Question 35

Sofas (in Hepplewhite style) had curved backs, continuous carved top rails and curved arms and legs

Answer 35

McIntire Sofa

Question 36

He has been called the Chippendale of Victorian furniture, and his work is important for many reasons,

Answer 36

JOHN H.
BELTER

Question 37

worked in the Rococo
Revival style, most popular in
the United States from the late
1840’s until about 1860. His
designs are intricately carved and pierced.

Answer 37

JOHN H. BELTER

Question 38

SLIPPER CHAIR is by

Answer 38

JOHN H.
BELTER

Question 39

was a leading
cabinetmaker in Philadelphia, where
there were a large number of German
cabinetmakers in the 19th century.

Answer 39

DANIEL
PABST

Question 40

furniture tends to be
massive and lacks the airy
quality of Belter furniture.

Answer 40

DANIEL
PABST

Question 41

A footstool; more likely to have feet and be

square

Answer 41

HASSOCK

Question 42

The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a

metal plate with a smooth surface.

Answer 42

COLORED LITHOGRAPHS

Question 43

Some modern silhouette artists also make silhouette
portraits from photographs of people taken in profile.

Answer 43

PORTRAIT SILHOUETTE

Question 44

a photograph taken by an early photographic process employing an iodine-sensitized silvered plate and mercury

vapor.

Answer 44

DAGUERREOTYPE