American Revolution

Question 1

What forts did the British capture in the French and Indian War?

Answer 1

Fort Niagara and Fort Duquesne, which is in Pittsburgh

Question 2

Who was William Pitt?

Answer 2

He was the man whom Pittsburgh was named after, and he emphasized the importance of fighting in the colonies and not as much in the Caribbean for the French and Indian War. He also thought it was important to take Quebec City

Question 3

What’s the Proclamation of 1763?

Answer 3

It’s a document saying that the colonists cannot settle father west than the Appalachian mountains. This angers the colonists and leads up to the Revolutionary War

Question 4

What’s the Sugar Act of 1764?

Answer 4

This was when England started to tax the colonies. This one was mainly just on sugar and sweet things. The colonists instead smuggled in sugar and England can’t enforce its law because it’s broke from the French and Indian war. Because of this law, the resentment of England grows

Question 5

What’s the Stamp Act of 1765?

Answer 5

It’s a tax on everything paper, and all paper products needed an official stamp to be legally used. Colonists then began boycotting goods, so the Stamp Act was then revoked

Question 6

What is salutary neglect?

Answer 6

It’s when rules and laws are not being enforced

Question 7

What’s the Declaratory Act of 1766?

Answer 7

This states that Parliament has the right to tax the colonists

Question 8

What’s the Quebec Act of 1766?

Answer 8

This was toleration for Canada to be able to go west and get land. This angers the colonists because Canadians got privileges the colonists didn’t get

Question 9

What’s the Townsend Acts of 1767?

Answer 9

This taxes lead, tea, and glass. After this the Committee of Correspondence has the colonies sign the non-importation agreements. This is the first time the colonies wrote a document agreeing on things, and they begin to produce their own goods and become self-reliant

Question 10

What is the Committee of Correspondence?

Answer 10

This is the colonies sending letters to each other to resist the British in an organized way

Question 11

How did the Boston Massacre happen and what was the effect?

Answer 11

There were some colonials throwing rocks at some British soldiers, and the soldiers came at them and their guns accidentally went off and killed about 6 or 7 people. Paul Revere blows it out of proportion and depicts hundreds of people dying to throw the British in a bad light. The soldiers go on trial and John Addams defends them because everyone deserves a fair trial. Parliament then revokes the Townsend Acts.

Question 12

What’s the Tea Act of 1773?

Answer 12

This act kept the tax on tea, and it was a really cheap tax that was even cheaper than the smuggler’s tea

Question 13

What’s the Boston Tea Party (1773)?

Answer 13

Colonials dressed up as Indians and they throw the tea into the water. The captain of the ship let them do this because he’d get the insurance money from the tea

Question 14

What are the Intolerable Acts?

Answer 14

These were imposed after the Boston Tea Party. Boston has to pay for the tea they destroyed, and their freedom of assembly was denied. Boston Harbor was also closed, which meant that not very many goods were going to Boston, and other colonies realized that their harbors could potentially be closed as well

Question 15

Describe the First Continental Congress

Answer 15

This was the first time that the colonies got together and talked about what was happening with the British. They created the committees of correspondence to get organized, as well as created the non-importation agreements and other formal documents. They also decided to gather militias and make them stronger.

Question 16

Describe the Second Continental Congress

Answer 16

Almost all of the colonies meet, and they decide they don’t really want to fight the British, and so they put together the Olive Branch Petition. This petition had a symbol for peace-olive branch, and a symbol for war-arrows. The king doesn’t even read the petition

Question 17

What was “Common Sense” about and who wrote it?

Answer 17

This pamphlet was by Thomas Paine and was about how the colonies could govern themselves and why was a king needed to rule

Question 18

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 18

This was wrote by Thomas Jefferson and was based on the principle that we could govern ourselves

Question 19

Who was the Father of the American revolution?

Answer 19

Samuel Addams

Question 20

What was a ‘sunshine soldier’?

Answer 20

A soldier who only wants to fight when things are good

Question 21

Who was the ‘key to the revolution’ in that he was able to attract the colonies and unite them?

Answer 21

John Addams

Question 22

What did the Treaty of Paris (1763) do?

Answer 22

This ends the French and Indian War. It also had the Philippines and Cuba were returned to Spain.

Question 23

What did the Treaty of Paris (1783) do?

Answer 23

This ends the American Revolution; those who’d been loyal to the king got their property back; debts to Britain before the war had to be paid; Spain got Florida back; American’s retained fishing rights in Newfoundland

Question 24

What was the Second Continental Congress?

Answer 24

This was hosted by Pennsylvania. The south was represented by George Washington and the north by John Addams. This was where Washington was elected to command the army

Question 25

What group of people began the war?

Answer 25

Merchants; they had to rely on farmers to win the war

Question 26

What were some major problems that the colonies faced going into the war?

Answer 26

One third of the people were still loyal to the king (loyalists/tories); the well being of the colonists were in danger; the power of the British empire; it was almost impossible to raise a Continental Army b/c colonies weren’t willing to combine armies

Question 27

What were some major impacts of the war?

Answer 27

There weren’t enough goods, which led to high inflation; personal property was also destroyed

Question 28

What were some major impacts of the war?

Answer 28

There weren’t enough goods, which led to high inflation; personal property was also destroyed

Question 29

Patriots vs. Loyalists

Answer 29

Loyalists were wealthier; Loyalists older, Patriots younger

Question 30

Why didn’t the Articles of Confederation work?

Answer 30

It made the central government too weak and made the state’s power too strong. It also gave the states the power to tax. The Constitution was written after this didn’t work out.

Question 31

What was Shay’s rebellion?

Answer 31

Soldiers in Western Massachusetts couldn’t pay built up taxes because they weren’t payed for fighting in the Revolutionary war, and so a rebellion was started. There wasn’t a national army to stop the rebellion, so in response Washington gathered militias from other states and dissipated the rebellion. This is another reason why the constitution was written in that it showed why the Articles of Confederation didn’t work.

Question 32

What does the Constitution do?

Answer 32

It divides the power of the central and state governments; Divided the central gov. into three branches: the executive (president), the legislative (law makers; congress), and judiciary (supreme court). This same division happens in the state governments.

Question 33

What were some American advantages in the Revolutionary War?

Answer 33

George Washington’s leadership, he was able to inspire the people; the colonies were self-sustaining; fought a defensive war; the French helped US because of Benjamin Franklin

Question 34

What was the status of African Americans?

Answer 34

About 5,000 fought for USA. Some were promised freedom, and others fought if their masters couldn’t. About 20,000 fought for the British, because they were all promised freedom.

Question 35

What was the least important event in the Revolutionary War?

Answer 35

Proclamation of 1763 because the colonists didn’t obey it, so it didn’t matter

Question 36

What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

Answer 36

This is where all of the states decided on having a federal government, and that they should split it into state and central government. To represent the people, they split the legislation in two: the Senate and the House of Representatives

Question 37

What two new religions were established in 1775?

Answer 37

Anglican, which is like the church of England but without the king in charge; Congregationalists

Question 38

Who was Von Steuden and what did he do?

Answer 38

He was a military officer from Prussia that came to the US to help drill troops into an army. He made the continental army harder to beat

Question 39

What was Republicanism?

Answer 39

This term, coined by Thomas Paine, means having a representative government

Question 40

What was the Mount Vernon Conference?

Answer 40

This was when George Washington was convinced to change the Articles of Confederation

Question 41

What was the Annapolis Conference?

Answer 41

This was when all of the colonies were supposed to show up to discuss the Articles of Confederation, but 3 didn’t, so they moved the meeting to the next year, which was then called the Constitutional Convention

Question 42

What’s the difference between Federalists and Anti-Federalists?

Answer 42

Federalists were for changes to the Articles of Confederation, while Anti-Federalists were against it. The Anti-Federalists were led by Patrick Henry.

Question 43

What were the Federalist Papers?

Answer 43

This is what the founding father’s wrote under pen names to support the ratification of the Constitution.

Question 44

What was Patrick Henry’s main opposition to the Constitution?

Answer 44

There was no individual rights included, so he wrote the Bill of Rights to make up for this

Question 45

What was the Land Ordinance of 1785?

Answer 45

This is when the Federal government was selling land out west past the Appalachian mountains in squares