Amendments Flashcards
Amendment 26
Lowered voting age form 21 to 18
Amendment 27
Congressional pay raises go into effect during the next term
Amendment 24
Prohibits poll taxes in federal elections
Amendment 16
Legalized federal income tax
Amendment 14
All citizens have equal protection under law - all people born in U.S. are citizens
Amendment 18
Prohibition - alcohol illegal
Amendment 9
Powers reserved to the people
Amendment 5
Right not to incriminate oneself; double jeopardy; eminent domain; grand jury
Amendment 11
Suits against states
Amendment 1
Freedom of speech, press, religion, petition, and assembly
Amendment 22
Limited the president to a maximum of two terms
Egalitarianism
Human equality - social, political, economic
Meaning and intent of the Declaration of Independence
Document describing the reasons colonies wanted to separate form Great Britain, and the ideals that would be set up in the new nation, it also included 28 specific grievances against King George
Benjamin Rush
- “Father of American Medicine”
- Devoutly religious man who held anti-slavery views
Amendment 3
Right not to be forced to quarter soldiers
Amendment 19
Woman’s suffrage - right to vote
Separation of powers
The power of the government is broken into parts (executive, judicial, and legislative), with each part having specific jobs and duties
Laissez - faire
Doctrine stating that the government should not interfere in economic affairs (hands off)
Liberty
Freedom from control, obligation, or interference
Individualism
Theory advocating for liberty, rights, or independent action
Populism
Supporting the rights and power of the common people
John Witherspoon
President of what is now known as Princeton University; was a religious leader and trained other religious leaders
John Jay
Writer of three essays in the Federalist papers calling for a new constitution with more federal power
Johnathon Trumbull Sr.
Governor of Connecticut that supported the patriots during the American Revolution
John Peter Muhlenberg
Protestant minister and member of the “Black Regiment”
Charles Carroll
Wealthy planter from Maryland, was Catholic and championed Catholic rights as the first US senator from Maryland
Amendment 6
Rights of the accused including a speedy and public trial
Amendment 4
Right against unlawful search and seizure
Amendment 13
Abolished slavery
Amendment 15
States must give all male citizens the right to vote
Popular sovereignty
The idea the government derives its power from the consent of the people (we the people…)
Amendment 12
Electoral college uses separate ballots in voting for president and Vice President
Amendment 17
People directly elect senators
Amendment 23
Allowed citizens in Washington DC to vote
Limited government
Philosophy that the national government has only those powers given to it in the constitution. If a power is not listed, the national government is assumed to not have it
Federalism
A system of dual sovereignty. The people give certain powers to the national government, while the states and people keep the rest
Amendment 25
Established process for presidential succession to take over leadership when the president is disabled
Amendment 20
Presidential inaugurations changed from March to January 20th
Amendment 10
Powers reserved to the state
Amendment 7
Right to a trial by a jury in civil case
Amendment 8
Right against cruel and unusual punishment
Checks & balances
The branches of the government have ways of checking up on and limiting the power of the others so that no branch becomes too powerful
Amendment 21
Prohibition repealed
Amendment 2
Right to bear arms
