Altruism and Justice

Question 1

What is helping?

Answer 1

Helping: intent to benefit
- Altruism
> no hidden motive 
- Egoism
> self-interest
Prosocial behaviour: positively value acts

Question 2

Evolutionary Psychology

Answer 2

Social Behaviour = Adaptive

Helping: Kin Selection, Reciprocal Altruism, Neotenous Features

Question 3

Kin Selection

Answer 3

Help those who are genetically similar - Natural vs Kin Selection
Brother vs Distant Cousin
To pass gene on

Question 4

Health x Severity

Answer 4

Everyday -> help sick

Life or death -> Help healthy

Question 5

Save vs Help

Answer 5

5 year old vs 1 year old

Question 6

Reciprocal Altruism

Answer 6

Selection pressures -> Helping Behaviour

• Social bonds/emotions -> reward helping
• Moralistic aggression -> keep altruism under control, aggression motivated by failure to reciprocate
• Cheating (faux friends)

Question 7

Neotenous features -> Helplessness

Answer 7

Large Forehead
Small Nose
Small Chin
Shortened Limbs

Question 8

Five Stages of Helping

Answer 8

Notice
Interpret
Responsibility
Decide
Help

Question 9

Notice

Answer 9

Darley and Batson (1973) - Good Samaritan -> notice the person, time available

Question 10

Interpret

Answer 10

Clark and Word (1974) - Ambiguous situation

Latane and Darley (1968) - Smoke?

Question 11

Pluralistic Ignorance

Answer 11

Reason for our inaction is others’ inaction (silence in class with difficult material)

Question 12

Fear of social blunders

Answer 12

Don’t wanna embarrassed yourself, audience inhibition