Alternatives To the Medical

Question 1

Classical conditioning and what did Pavlov (1927)?

Answer 1

Learning through association- like jaws and the music

Skinner associated bell with food for dogs. They began salivating because they knew food would come when bell was rang

Question 2

Operant conditioning and what did skinner do?

Answer 2

Learning by consequences/ rewards

Skinner rewarded rats in a cage who pressed a lever- also got an electric shock

Can explain gambling and drug addiction

Question 3

Becks negative cognitive triad:

Answer 3

Individual forms an inaccurate view on society and can be very disturbing

Like a triangle- negative view on world- negative about one self- negative views about future

Question 4

Cognitive approach/ explanation:

Answer 4

Behaviour can be explained by internal processes- how does an individual think about a situation

Question 5

CBT as a treatment for depression:

Answer 5

Commonly used
Takes place once a week
5-20 session usually needed
Altering thinking patterns to be more positive
Therapist and patient will establish a common goal of what needs to be changed
Patient shares beliefs
Therapist may suggest activity and social interactions as well

Question 6

Usefulness:

Answer 6

CBT 
Butler (2006) reviews several studies using CBT and found it to be very affective in all cases

Question 7

Nature/ nurture:

Answer 7

Nature- cognitive faults (structure of brain)
Nurture- experiences
Nurture- behavioural approach (states that anxiety is caused by a stimuli)

Question 8

Freewill/ determinism:

Answer 8

Deterministic- behavioural (maladaptive behaviours are a result of the environment and not us) and cognitive- negative thinking suggests you will continue in the triad (Becks)