alternative treatment for mental disorders Flashcards
What treatment is the opposite of classical conditioning?
systematic desensitisation
What is the UCS for systematic desensitisation?
a relaxation technique such as deep breathing or whale music
What is the UCR for systematic desensitisation?
calm / relaxation
What is the NS / CS for systematic desensitisation?
the phobic object
What does the psychiatrist have the patient do during systematic desensitisation?
- fear hierarchy
- gradual steps towards most fearful situation e.g., proximity
- fear rating 0-100
What treatment is a type of positive reinforcement ?
token economy
What is token economy?
- if a person does something desirable they get a token
- multiple tokens can be exchanged for something desirable e.g., TV
Where is token economy commonly used?
prisons
What type of psychotherapy used for depression?
cognitive therapy
What is cognitive therapy?
negative patterns of thought about the self and world are challenged to alter unwanted behaviour patterns
Where is cognitive therapy commonly offered?
NHS
What methods are commonly used alongside cognitive therapy?
relaxation techniques
What is the most common talking therapy?
CBT
What is the difference between CBT and CT?
CBT analyses behaviour as well as thoughts
What are two types of CBT?
- ABC method
- Rational Emotive Therapy
What is the ABC method?
Activating event
Belief
Consequence
What is Rational Emotive therapy?
challenges the negative and self-defeating thoughts associated with the activating event and understanding the irrationality of beliefs
What are the strengths of systematic desensitisation?
- extremely useful - long term solution, effective, quick
- NOT socially sensitive - does not blame the individual or a group of people for the phobia - blames environment trigger
- scientific = observable behaviour = causality = predictable behaviour
- NOT ethnocentric
- reliable
- valid
- acknowledges nurture and situational factors
What are the weaknesses of systematic desensitisation?
- reductionist - may not work for everyone - oversimplifies complex interactions to just stimulus response = less valid
- ignores nature - Ohman’s predisposition evolutionary theory
- ignores nature / disposition
- deterministic - removes free will
