Alternates

Question 1

Requirements for a take off alternate

Answer 1

Why a take off alternate? Meteorological/performance conditions or any other reason at the departure aerodrome.
weather should be at or above the applicable landing minima +/- an hour of ETA
Cruise at OEI within an hour
Ceiling should be taken into account for NPA and circling
Aerodrome should be adequate

Question 2

Requirements for an en-route alternate

Answer 2

When the commander reduces contingency from 5% to 3%. The ERA should be within a 20% radius with the center of the radius been 20% + 50nm or 25% of the planned flight distance whichever is greater,

Question 3

Destination Alternate

Answer 3

Weather should be +/- 1 hour of the ETA at or above the planning minima.
Should be an adequate aerodrome.
Ceiling should be taken into account for NPA.
We downgrade the approach when planning.

Question 4

When is it required to plan for two destination alternates?

Answer 4

Weather reports indicate that the weather conditions would be below the planning minima +/- 1 hour of the ETA.
When there is no weather reports at the destination.

Question 5

When do you not require an alternate?

Answer 5

Ceiling at or above 2000ft
Circling height +500ft
2 separate runways available with the required navaids
Planned flight time to destination less than 6hrs
When the destination is isolated and no adequate alternate is available.

Question 6

What is an isolated aerodrome?

Answer 6

When the alternate and final reserve fuel required to the nearest adequate destination alternate aerodrome is more than:
PISTON: fuel to fly for 45mins +15% of the flying time at cruising level or 2 hrs whichever is less.
JETS: fuel to fly for 2hrs at normal cruising consumption above the destination aerodrome including final reserve fuel.