Allergy

Question 1

What do PAR receptors cleave?

Answer 1

IL-33

Question 2

What type of allergy is immediate?

Answer 2

Type I

Question 3

What antibody mediates type I hypersenstivity?

Answer 3

IgE

Question 4

What are examples of Type I hypersensitivity

Answer 4

Allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, urticaria

Question 5

Through what reaction and molecule does Type II hypersenstivity occur?

Answer 5

Cytotoxic reaction (complement lysis/ ADCC). IgG molecule

Question 6

Example of type II hypersensivity: think hospital / users

Answer 6

Drug delivery

Question 7

What reaction/immune response activation mediates Type III hypersensitivity?

Answer 7

Immune complex reaction- complement activation. IgG

Question 8

Example of type III hypersensitivity

Answer 8

Allergic vascultitis

Question 9

Which hypersensitivty is delayed

Answer 9

Type IV

Question 10

What mediates Type IV hypersensitivity

Answer 10

T-cell mediated delayed type hypersensitivity.

Question 11

Example of Type IV hypersensitivity

Answer 11

Allergic contact enzema

Question 12

What are bound to mast cells

Answer 12

Ab

Question 13

The European dust mite can trigger what allergy

Answer 13

Type I

Question 14

The PAR receptors are activated by what enzyme, which hypersenstivity

Answer 14

Proteases, type I

Question 15

Systemic analphylaxis is what hypersensitivity

Answer 15

Type I

Question 16

In type I hypersensitivity (Asmtha) why are bronchial dilators not effective in chronic disease

Answer 16

Airway remodellin leading to hyperplasia and fibrosis

Question 17

Urticaria meaning

Answer 17

Hives

Question 18

What is anaphalyxic caused by (physciological)

Answer 18

Lowering of BP, airwau constriction and swelling of the epiglottis

Question 19

What drug/nt relaxes brionchole smooth muscle

Answer 19

Epinephrine

Question 20

What is cold induced urticaria riggered by

Answer 20

NLRP3

Question 21

Vibrational urticaria is caused by overactivation of what type of sensor and truncation of what inhibitory region

Answer 21

Mechanosensor, PLCG2

Question 22

Large numbers of what two cytokines leads to degranulation of eosinophils

Answer 22

IL-3 and 5

Question 23

Increasing Th1, does what to Th2

Answer 23

Decreases

Question 24

Counter regulation hypothesis

Answer 24

Because we’re not infected with things, this affects our Tregs cells, we lack them

Question 25

Atopic dermatitis: Apoptosis of what cell type and filaggrin defect leads to what symotom

Answer 25

Keratinocytes, leaky skin

Question 26

Type II Hypersensitivity causes autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, how?

Answer 26

IgG mediated destruction of blood cells/platelets

Question 27

Haemolytic disease of newborn - (typeII)

Answer 27

Thromobytopenia

Question 28

Type II hypersensitivity occurs when what type of Abs bind to cell surface antigen

Answer 28

IgG or IgM

Question 29

Type II hypersensitivity activates what immune pathway (hint its soluble)

Answer 29

Complement

Question 30

Fc receptors are present on what cells

Answer 30

T-cells and NK cells

Question 31

Grave's disease is when the autoantigen is.....

Answer 31

Thyroid hormone recepter

Question 32

Myasthenia Gravis is when the autoantigen is.....

Answer 32

Acetylcholine recepoter

Question 33

How does Type III hypersensitivity occur

Answer 33

C5a binding and sensitising mast cells, mast cells Fc region activated and induced degranulation

Question 34

Arthus reaction is associated with what type of allergy and what is it associated with

Answer 34

Type III, IgG immune complex deposition on vessel walls-

Question 35

What cells process the antigen in Type IV allergies

Answer 35

APCs --> hence its delayed

Question 36

What Th cell mediated type IV allergy

Answer 36

Th1

Question 37

Urushiol oil haptens from poison ivy bind what MHC class (type IV)

Answer 37

MHC I

Question 38

Allergic contact dermaitis is what type of allergy and give examples (2)

Answer 38

IV, Nickel allergy and poison ivy

Question 39

Coeliac disease: HLA type, MHC type, what is binds to and the enzyme its derived from. Symptoms

Answer 39

HLA-DQ2 class II MHC allele in majority, binds alpha-gliadin which is derived by the transglutaminase enzyme. Villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia.