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Pharmacology > Allergic Rhinitis Cough > Flashcards

Allergic Rhinitis Cough Flashcards

1
Q

Describe stimulation of sensory receptors that produce cough

A

The epithelium of the larynx, trachea, and larger bronchi (Tracheobronchial tree) contains sensory nerves that are responsible for cough
this is vagally mediated

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2
Q

What location of the brain initiates involuntary cough

A

initiated by the “cough center” in the medulla oblongata of brainstem

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3
Q

What location of the brain initiates cerebral cough

A

cerebral cortex

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4
Q

what infectious agent may increase the receptor sensitivity

A

viruses

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5
Q

common cause of an acute cough

A

commonly it is a viral URTI, should last less than 3 weeks

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6
Q

common cause of subacute cough

A

commonly it is a bacterial infection or asthma, should last 3 to 8 weeks

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7
Q

common cause of chronic cough

A

commonly caused by postnasal drip syndrome, GERD, or astham, lasting longer than 8 weeks

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8
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine mechanism of action

A

works as a cough suppressant, has direct central action in the medulla

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9
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine C-II and C-III

A

C-II acts as a solitary agent, C-III acts in combination

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10
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine formulations

A

Codeine/Guiafenesin (Robitussin AC)
Codeine/Promethazine (Phenergan with Codeine)
Hydrocodone/Chlorpheniramine (Tussionex)

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11
Q

which of the Hydrocodone/Codeine formulations last the longest?

A

Hydrocodone/Chlorpheniramine (Tussionex)

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12
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine contrainfictions

A

hypersensitivity

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13
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine Adverse Reactions

A

CNS depressants
Drug abuse/ dependency
Nausea

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14
Q

Hydrocodone/Codeine Drug Interactions

A

CNS depressants may enhance toxicity

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15
Q

What should you monitor in patients taking Hydrocodone/Codeine

A

Underlying conditions

Frequency of use

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16
Q

Benzonatate Mechanism of action

A

Suppresses the cough by a topical anesthetic action on the respirator stretch receptors

17
Q

which cough medication in a relative to tetracaine

A

benzonatate

18
Q

Benzonatate contraindicatins

A

Hypersensitivity to related compounds

Increased risk of death in children under 10 years old

19
Q

Benzonatate Adverse Reactions

A

Mental confusion
Visual hallucinations
Sedation

20
Q

What should you monitor in patients taking Benzonatate

A

their underlying conditions

21
Q

Benzonatate Drug Interactions

A

no significant interactions

22
Q

Dextromethorphan Mechanism of action

A

Decreases sensitivity of cough receptor by suppressing the medullary cough center

23
Q

which cough treatment is structurally related to codeine?

A

Dextromethorphan

24
Q

Dextromethorphan contraindications

A

MAOI administration within 2 weeks

25
Q

Dextromethorphan Adverse Reactions

A

confusion

potential serotonin syndrome

26
Q

Dextromethorphan Drug Interactions

A

when taken with SSRIs can enhance the serotonergic effect

27
Q

What should you monitor in patients taking Dextromethorphan?

A

underlying conditions as well as abuse to misuse

28
Q

Guaifenesin Mechanism of action

A

Irritating gastric mucosa and stimulating respiratory tract secretions results in increased respiratory fluid volumes and decreases mucous viscosity

29
Q

Describe Guaifenesin

A

also know as Mucinex, having both immediate and extended release formulations
make sure patients take large glasses of water when taking this treatment to increase it’s ability to treat cough

30
Q

Guaifenesin contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

31
Q

Guaifenesin adverse reactions

A

dizziness, drowsiness
headache
nausea, vomitting

32
Q

Guaifenesin drug interactions

A

no significant interactions

33
Q

What should you monitor in patients taking Guaifenesin?

A

underlying conditions and hydration status

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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