Allergic Rhinitis Cough Flashcards
Describe stimulation of sensory receptors that produce cough
The epithelium of the larynx, trachea, and larger bronchi (Tracheobronchial tree) contains sensory nerves that are responsible for cough
this is vagally mediated
What location of the brain initiates involuntary cough
initiated by the “cough center” in the medulla oblongata of brainstem
What location of the brain initiates cerebral cough
cerebral cortex
what infectious agent may increase the receptor sensitivity
viruses
common cause of an acute cough
commonly it is a viral URTI, should last less than 3 weeks
common cause of subacute cough
commonly it is a bacterial infection or asthma, should last 3 to 8 weeks
common cause of chronic cough
commonly caused by postnasal drip syndrome, GERD, or astham, lasting longer than 8 weeks
Hydrocodone/Codeine mechanism of action
works as a cough suppressant, has direct central action in the medulla
Hydrocodone/Codeine C-II and C-III
C-II acts as a solitary agent, C-III acts in combination
Hydrocodone/Codeine formulations
Codeine/Guiafenesin (Robitussin AC)
Codeine/Promethazine (Phenergan with Codeine)
Hydrocodone/Chlorpheniramine (Tussionex)
which of the Hydrocodone/Codeine formulations last the longest?
Hydrocodone/Chlorpheniramine (Tussionex)
Hydrocodone/Codeine contrainfictions
hypersensitivity
Hydrocodone/Codeine Adverse Reactions
CNS depressants
Drug abuse/ dependency
Nausea
Hydrocodone/Codeine Drug Interactions
CNS depressants may enhance toxicity
What should you monitor in patients taking Hydrocodone/Codeine
Underlying conditions
Frequency of use
Benzonatate Mechanism of action
Suppresses the cough by a topical anesthetic action on the respirator stretch receptors
which cough medication in a relative to tetracaine
benzonatate
Benzonatate contraindicatins
Hypersensitivity to related compounds
Increased risk of death in children under 10 years old
Benzonatate Adverse Reactions
Mental confusion
Visual hallucinations
Sedation
What should you monitor in patients taking Benzonatate
their underlying conditions
Benzonatate Drug Interactions
no significant interactions
Dextromethorphan Mechanism of action
Decreases sensitivity of cough receptor by suppressing the medullary cough center
which cough treatment is structurally related to codeine?
Dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan contraindications
MAOI administration within 2 weeks
Dextromethorphan Adverse Reactions
confusion
potential serotonin syndrome
Dextromethorphan Drug Interactions
when taken with SSRIs can enhance the serotonergic effect
What should you monitor in patients taking Dextromethorphan?
underlying conditions as well as abuse to misuse
Guaifenesin Mechanism of action
Irritating gastric mucosa and stimulating respiratory tract secretions results in increased respiratory fluid volumes and decreases mucous viscosity
Describe Guaifenesin
also know as Mucinex, having both immediate and extended release formulations
make sure patients take large glasses of water when taking this treatment to increase it’s ability to treat cough
Guaifenesin contraindications
hypersensitivity
Guaifenesin adverse reactions
dizziness, drowsiness
headache
nausea, vomitting
Guaifenesin drug interactions
no significant interactions
What should you monitor in patients taking Guaifenesin?
underlying conditions and hydration status
