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Dermatology > All treatments > Flashcards

All treatments Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

does flucloxacillin cover beta haemolytic strep

A

yes

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2
Q

what for skin does doxycycline cover

A

staph aureus inc MRSA

beta haemolytic strep

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3
Q

what does co-trimoxazole cover

A

staph aureus inc MRSA

65% of coliforms inc e coli

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4
Q

what treatment for cellulitis

A

Flucloxacillin, or Doxycycline if Penicillin allergic.

Refer to infectious diseases if: systemically unwell, or not responding to treatment.
May be suitable for outpatient IV therapy (OHPAT).

If recurrent boils, or abscesses, consider swabbing for PVL

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5
Q

what are the causative organisms of cellulitis

A

Staph aureus.

group A and other Beta haemolytic Strep.

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6
Q

Tx for athletes foot

A

topical 1% terbinafine

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7
Q

Tx for dermatophyte infection

A

Small area infected: clotrimazole cream (canestan), topical nail paint (amorolfine)

Scalp: terbinafine orally, itracinazole orally

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8
Q

Tx for candida impetigo

A

clotrimoxazole cream, oral fluconazole

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9
Q

Tx for scalies

A 
Malathion lotion (overnight)
Benzyle Benzoate
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10
Q

tx for lice

A

Malathion

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11
Q

Tx for diabetic foot infection

A

Mild: Flucloxacillin (1st line) or Doxycycline (2nd line) 7 days

Moderate: Flucloxacillin + metronidazole (or doxycycline + metronidazole)

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12
Q

causative organisms for diabetic foot infection

A

acute= s aureus

acute on chronic= s aureus, coliforms, anaerobes

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13
Q

tx for impetigo

A

Localised lesions: topical Fusidic acid.

Not localised: (both 7 days)
1st Line – oral Flucloxacillin.
2nd Line – oral Clarithromycin.

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14
Q

tx for syphillis

A

penicillin

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15
Q

tx for lyme disease

A

doxycyline or amoxicillin

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16
Q

tx for chicken pox

A

Prescribe antiviral if patient presents <24hours of onset of rash: Aciclovir (oral)

17
Q

tx for shingles

A

Must present within 72hr of onset of rash: Aciclovir or Valaciclovir

18
Q

tx for bites

A

1st line: Co-amoxiclav.

2nd line: Metronidazole + doxycycline

19
Q

tx for rosacea

A

Reduce aggravating factors (diet, sun, AVOID topical steroids)
1st line: topical metronidazole, ivermectin (to reduce demodex mite)

2nd line: oral therapy: oral tetracycline long term, low dose isotretinoin

Telangiectasia: vascular laser
Rhinophyma: surgery/ laser shaving

20
Q

tx for psorias

A
  1. Emollients
  2. Vit D analogues (calcipotriol, calcitriol)
  3. Vit D analogue + potent corticosteroid (beware of rebound flare)
    (If on face, genitalia or flexures= mild steroid )
  4. Refer:
    - phototherapy UVB (if don’t want to be admitted)
    -coal tar/ dithranol
    - systemic therapy 1st : methotrexate (ciclosporin if family planning)
    2nd: biologics (-umabs)
21
Q

what are the severities of acne

A

Mild- scattered papules and pustules, comedones
Moderate - numerous papules, pustules &
mild atrophic scarring
Severe - cysts, nodules and significant scarring

22
Q

hat advice for acne vulgaris

A

avoid over cleaning (not caused by poor hygiene), 2x daily cleaning w/ gentle soap, use make up/ moisturisers that don’t clog up pores, avoid picking/ squeezing= scarring, healthy diet

23
Q

what is the topical treatment for acne

A
  • Topical retinoid (Vit A) (has drying effect, contraindicated in pregnancy/ breast feeding)
  • & benzoly peroxide (keratolytic, antibacterial)
  • Topical antibiotics (anti inflammation and antibacterial)- clindamycin (ALWAYS in combo with topical retinoid/ benzoyl peroxide to prevent resistance)
  • Azelic acid
24
Q

what treatment for acne not responding to topical treatment

A
  • Oral antibiotic (lymecycline/ doxycycline) (need to take for 6 months, always co prescribe topical retinoid benzoyl peroxide for resistance prevention)
  • Combined oral contraceptive pill
  • Oral isotretinoin (oral retinoid) (affects sebaceous gland activity)
25
Q

tx for lichen planus

A

Treat symptomatically – topical steroids

last 12-18 months, self limiting

26
Q

ix for bullous disorders

A

skin biopsy with immunofluorescence

Indirect immunofluorescence

27
Q

tx for bullous disorders

A

systemic steroids

  • Pemphigoid: tetracycline antibiotics
  • Other immunosuppressive agents
  • Topicals: emollients, topical steroids, topical antisepsis/ hygiene measure
28
Q

tx for eczema

A
  • Emollients
  • Avoid irritants (shower gel soaps)
  • Topical steroids
  • Tx infections
  • Phototherapy UVB
  • Systemic immunosuppression
  • Biologics (cyclosporin, methotrexate, azathioprine)
  • If itch/ urticaria= sedative antihistamines
29
Q

ux for photodermporphyrias

A

Porphyria cutanea tarda
Ix- woods lamp

Erythropoietic protoporphyria
Ix- check for anaemia, biliary tract USS (for stones), RBC porphyrins, fluorocytes, transaminases

30
Q

tx for porphyria cutanea tarda

A

treat underling cause (alcohol, viral hepatitis, oestrogens, haemochromatosis)
- Relieve skin disease

31
Q

tx for erythopoietic protoporphyria

A

6 monthly LFTs and RBC porphyrins

  • Visible light photoprotection measures (protective clothing, visible light suncream, behavior)
  • Anti oxidants
  • Only cure bone marrow transplant, may have liver failure so might need transplant for that too
32
Q

tx for pruritis

A
  • sedative antihistamine
  • emollients
  • anti depressants
  • anti epileptics
  • phototherapy
  • opiate agonists, ondansetron
33
Q

tx for non melanoma skin cancer

A

Surgery

5% imiquimod cream

34
Q

tx for pre cancers

A 
Cryotherapy 
Solaraze 
5 FU
PDT 
Imiquimod 
Resurfacing
35
Q

tx for melanoma

A

Surgery

Chemo/ radiotherapy may be needed

36
Q

types of surgery for skin cancer

A

electrosurgery, snip excision, curettage, shave excision, punch biopsy, elliptical excision

37
Q

Ix for leg ulcers

A

Ix- ABPI (to establish if there is arterial disease)

Wound swap ONLY if signs of infection

38
Q

what are the ABPI parameters

A
  • 1= normal
  • 0.8-1.3= compress
  • <0.8 = vascular disease
  • > 1.5 = calcification
39
Q

tx for venous ulcers

A
  • Pain control
  • Clean with warm tap water and soap substitute (not sterile wound)
  • Non adherent dressing
  • De-sloughing (hydrogel, honey, biological, sharp debridement, surgical)
  • 4 layer compression bandaging (cone shaped leg) (last 6 months)
  • Leg elevation
  • Once healed emollients and compression stockings

Dermatology (23 decks)

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