All the Cards Flashcards
Levothyroxine Brand Name
Synthroid/Levoxyl
Levothyroxine tablet doses
50/100 mcg
Levothyroxine Dosing
1.7 mcg/kg/qd
What is levothyroxine used to treat?
Hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine Tips (3)
Take with water 30 mins before breakfast
Take 4 hours apart from antacids and iron
May take several weeks to see improvements
Tamsulosin brand name
Flomax, slow release capsule
Tamsulosin capsule dose
0.4 mg
Tamsulosin Dosing
1-2 capsules po qd
What is tamsulosin used to treat?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Tamsulosin Tips (1)
Take 30 mins after same meal each day for max absorption
Tamsulosin side effects (3)
Dizziness, drowsiness, headache
Donepezil brand name
Aricept
Donepezil tablet doses
5,10,23 mg
Donepezil dosing
Take 1 tab po qd at bedtime
What is Donepezil used to treat?
Slows mental decline in Alz
Donepezil Side Effects (3)
Nausea, diarrhea, risk of GI bleed with NSAID
Alendronate brand name
Fosamax
Alendronate tablet dosing
35/70 mg
Alendronate dosing
Take 1 tablet po once weekly
What is Alendronate used to treat?
Prevention/treatment of osteoporosis
Alendronate tips (4)
Take 30 mins before breakfast to increase absorption
Ensure adequate Ca and Vit D intake
Space intake apart from Ca, Mg, Al
Tk w/ 8 oz of water and remain upright for 30 min
Alendronate side effects (2)
Report heartburn or bone pain to physician
Allopurinol brand name
Zyloprim
Allopurinol tablet dosing
100/300 mg tablets
Allopurinol dosing
Mild gout: 200/300 mg po qd
DNE: 800 mg/day
What is Allopurinol used to treat?
Management of gout symptoms and lower acid serum levels
Allopurinol tips (2)
2-6 wks for optimal benefit
Drink plenty of water
Allopurinol side effects (2)
May cause nausea and diarrhea
Oseltamivir brand name
Tamiflu
Oseltamivir capsule dosing
75 mg
Oseltamivir dosing
Prevention: 1 c po qd for 10 days
Treatment: 1 cp po bid for 5 days
What is oseltamivir used to treat?
Influenza prevention or treatment
Oseltamivir tips (2)
Should still get flu vaccine
Must initiate within 48 hours
Oseltamivir side effects (2)
Diarrhea, dizziness
Iron (ferrous sulfate) brand names
Slow Fe and Feosol (both OTC)
Iron tablet dosing
325 ( 65 mg elemental iron) mg
Iron dosing
1 tab po qd-tid
What is iron used to treat?
Iron deficiency and dietary supplement
Iron tips (2)
Best absorbed on empty stomach
Separate 2 hours before/after other meals
Iron side effects (2)
Black stools, constipation
Sumatriptan brand name
Imitrex
Sumatriptan tablet dosing
25, 50, 100 mg
Sumatriptan dosing
One tablet po at first sign of migraine, may repeat same dose in 2 hours once if no relief
DNE 2000 mg/d
What is sumatriptan used to treat?
Acute treatment of migraine; cluster headaches
Sumatriptan tips
Avoid if history of CV disease
Sumatriptan side effects (3)
Tingling and flushing
Overuse (10+ days a month) may increase headaches
Tolterodine brand name
Detrol
Tolterodine capsule dose
2/4 mg
Tolterodine dosing
1 cap po qd
What is tolterodine used to treat?
Overactive bladder
Tolterodine side effects (3)
Constipation, dry mouth, headache
Tadalafil brand name
Cialis
Tadalafil tablet dosing
2.5/5/10/20 mg
Tadalafil dosing
ED: 2.5 mg po qd or 5-20 mg po prn prior to sexual activity
BPH: 5 mg po qd
What is tadalafil used to treat?
ED/BPH/Pulmonary Htn
Tadalafil tips (3)
Do not take more than once daily Avoid alcohol (decreases BP) Avoid grapefruit juice
Tadalafil side effects (4)
Headache and flushing
Report sudden loss of hearing or vision and discontinue use
Acetylsalicylic acid brand name
Bayer aspirin
Acetylsalicylic acid tablet doing
81/325/500/650 mg
Max dose of acetylsalicylic acid
4000 mg
Acetylsalicylic acid dosing
325-600 mg po q 4-6h prn
81-325 mg/day for heart attack and stroke prevention
What is acetylsalicylic acid used to treat?
Mild-moderate pain, fever, inflammation, heart attack and stroke prevention
Acetylsalicylic acid tips (3)
Stomach upset (take with food or milk)
Take with full glass of H20
Don’t give to children under 18
Acetylsalicylic acid side effects (1)
Ringing in ears with high dose
Ibuprofen brand names
Advil, Motrin IB, Motrin
Ibuprofen tablet dosing: OTC and Rx
200 mg (OTC), 400/600/800
Max dose of ibuprofen (OTC and Rx)
OTC: 1200 mg/day
Rx: 3200 mg/day
Ibuprofen dosing
200-400 mg po q4-6h prn
What is ibuprofen used to treat?
Mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation
Naproxen brand names
Aleve, Anaprox (DS)
Naproxen tablet dosing: OTC and Rx
OTC: 220
Rx: 275/550
Max dose of naproxen: OTC and Rx
OTC: 660
Rx: 1650
Naproxen dosing:
220-440 po initially, then 220 mg q 8-12 h prn
What is naproxen used to treat?
Mild-moderate pain, fever, inflammation
Celecoxib brand name
Celebrex
Celecoxib capsule dosing
100/200 mg
Max dose of celecoxib
400 mg/day
Celecoxib dosing
200mg po qd or 100 mg bid
What is celecoxib used to treat?
Mild-moderate pain, inflammation
Methylprednisolone brand name
Medrol
Methylprednisolone tablet dosing: tablets and dose pack
Tab: 4 mg
Dose pack: 21 tablets over 6 days
Methylprednisolone dosing
4-80 mg daily
What is methylprednisolone used for?
Steroidal anti-inflammatory (asthma, poison ivy)
Methylprednisolone tips (2)
Finish entire course
Take with food or milk
Methylprednisolone side effect
May cause insomnia
Acetaminophen brand name
Tylenol
Acetaminophen tablet dosing
325/500 mg tablets
Acetaminophen dosing
325/650 po q4-6h
Acetaminophen max dose
3000 mg/d
What does acetaminophen treat?
Mild-moderate pain, fever
Acetaminophen tip
Do not treat hangovers with APAP because of liver toxicity
Tramadol brand name
Ultram
Tramadol Control Rank
C-IV
Tramadol tablet dosing
50 mg
Tramadol dosing
50-100 mg po q 4-6 h prn
Tramadol max dose
400 mg/day
What is Tramadol used to treat?
Moderate to severe pain
Tramadol side effects (3)
Constipation, drowsiness, dizziness
Hydrocodone/APAP brand names
Norco, Vicodin, Lortab
Hydrocodone/APA control rank
C-II
Hydrocodone/APAP tablet dosing (2)
Norco: 5/325
Vicodin: 5/300
Hydrocodone/APAP dosing
1-2 tab po q 4-6h prn
Hydrocodone/APAP max dose
3000 mg APAP/day
What is hydrocodone/APAP used to treat?
Moderate to severe pain
Hydrocodone/APAP side effects (3)
Upset stomach, constipation, drowsiness
Oxycodone brand name
Oxycontin
Oxycodone control ranking
C-II
Oxycodone tablet dosing
CR tabs: 10/20/40/80 mg
Oxycodone dosing
10-80 mg bid prn
Oxycodone max dose
Individualized
What is oxycodone used to treat?
Moderate to severe pain
Oxycodone tips
Do not crush CR tabs
Oxycodone side effects (3)
Upset stomach, constipation, drowsiness
Cyclobenzaprine brand name
Flexeril
Cyclobenzaprine tablet dosing
5-10 mg
Cyclobenzaprine dosing
5-10 mg up to tid prn
What is cyclobenzaprine used to treat?
Muscle spasms
Cyclobenzaprine side effects (2)
Drowsiness and dry mouth
NSAIDs counseling tips (3)
Upset stomach, take with food or milk, avoid if history of heart problems
Olanzapine brand name
Zyprexa
Olanzapine tablet dosing
10 mg
Olanzapine dosing
1 tab (10 mg) po daily
Olanzapine max dosing
DNE 20 mg/day
What is Olanzapine used to treat?
Bipolar, schizophrenia, treatment- resistant adjunct
Olanzapine side effects (6)
Drowsiness, weight gain, mvt. disorders, decreased sex drive, increased blood sugars and lipids
Risperidone brand name
Risperdal
Risperidone tablet dosing
2 mg
Risperidone dosing
1 tab (2 mg) qd
Risperidone max dose
10 mg/day
What does Risperidone treat?
Bipolar, schizophrenia, irritability in autism
Risperidone side effects (4)
Movement disorders, decreased sex drive, drowsiness, weight gain
Aripriprazole brand name
Abilify
Aripriprazole tablet dose
10 mg tab
Aripriprazole dosing
1 tab (10 mg) po qd
Aripriprazole max dose
DNE 30 mg/day
What does aripriprazole treat?
Bipolar, schizophrenia, associated psychomotor agitation, depression (adj)
Aripriprazole side effects (4)
Movement disorders, drowsiness, weight gain, insomnia
Topiramate
Topamax
Topiramate tablet dosing
25 mg
Topiramate dosing
1 tab po bid
Topiramate max dose
DNE 400 mg/day
What does topiramate treat?
Seizures and migraine prevention
Topiramate side effects (6)
Dizziness, drowsiness, numbness, tingling, memory impairment, weight loss due to decreased appetite (nausea)
Pregabalin brand name
Lyrica
Pregabalin control rank
C-V
Pregabalin capsule dosing
50 mg
Pregabalin dosing
1 cap po bid
Pregabalin max dose
DNE 600 mg/day
What does Pregabalin treat?
Nerve pain disorders, fibromyalgia
Pregabalin side effects (5)
Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, blurred vision, weight gain
Gabapentin brand name
Neurontin
Gabapentin capsule dose
300 mg
Gabapentin dose
1 cap po tid
Gabapentin max dose
DNE 3000 mg/day
What does Gabapentin treat?
Nerve pain (shingles), seizure (adj), nerve pain disorders
Gabapentin side effects (3)
Drowsiness/dizziness, uncoordinated muscle movements
Lamotrigine brand name
Lamictal
Lamotrigine tablet dosing
100 mg
Lamotrigine dosing
1 tab po bid
Lamotrigine max dose
DNE: 700 mg/day
What does Lamotrigine treat?
Seizures, bipolar disorder
Lamotrigine side effects (6)
Drowsiness, dizziness, uncoordinated muscle movements, headache, blurred vision, double vision
Clopidogrel brand name
Plavix
Clopidogrel tablet dose
75 mg
Clopidogrel dosing
1 tab po qd
What does Clopidogrel treat?
To prevent blood clots
Clopidogrel tip
Avoid aspirin and NSAIDs
Clopidogrel side effect
Seek medical attention if unusual and prolonged bleeding
Furosemide brand name
Lasix
Furosemide tablet dosing
20/40/80 mg
Furosemide dosing
1 tab po qd or bid
What does furosemide treat?
Edema and hypertension
Furosemide tip
Avoid taking at bedtime
Furosemide side effects (2)
Sun sensitivity, dizziness upon standing
Divalproex brand name
Depakote
Divalproex tablet dosing (DR and ER)
DR: 125, 250, 500 mg
ER: 250, 500
Divalproex dosing (DR and ER)
DR: 1 tab po tid
ER: 1 tab po qd
Divalproex max dose
DNE: 4200 mg/day
What does Divalproex treat?
Seizures, bipolar disorder, migraine prevention
Divalproex side effects (5)
Drowsiness, dizziness, tremors, muscle weakness, upset stomach
Zolpidem brand name
Ambien
Zolpidem control rank
C-IV
Zolpidem tablet dose
10 mg
Zolpidem dosing
1 tab po hs
Zolpidem max dose
12.5 mg/day
What does Zolpidem treat?
Short term insomnia
Zolpidem side effects (2)
Risk of abnormal sleep behaviors
May cause next day drowsiness
Zolpidem tips (2)
Take within 20 mins of bedtime
Get more than 8 hours of sleep
Eszopiclone brand name
Lunesta
Eszopiclone control rank
2 mg
Eszopiclone dose
1 tab po hs
Eszopiclone max dose
DNE 3 mg/day
What does Eszopiclone treat?
Insomnia
Eszopiclone side effects (4)
Temporary metalic taste
Headache
Next day drowsiness
Risk of abnormal sleep behaviors
Eszopiclone tips (2)
Take within 20 mins of bedtime
Get more than 8 hours of sleep
Promethazine
Phenergan
Promethazine tablet/rectal suppository dosing
25 mg
Promethazine dosing
1 tab or rs q 4-6 h prn
What does Promethazine treat? (tab and rs)
Tab: motion sickness
RS: prevents nausea and vomiting
Promethazine tip
Avoid alcohol
Promethazine side effects (3)
Drowsiness, dizziness, sun sensitivity
Ondansetron brand name
Zofran
Ondansetron tablet dosing
8 mg tablet or odt
Ondansetron dosing
1 t po prior to need, then 1 tab q8h prn
What does Ondansetron treat?
Prevent nausea and vomiting
Ondansetron side effects?
Fatigue, headache, constipation, diarrhea
Omeprazole brand name
Prilosec
Omeprazole tablet dosing
20 mg capsule (Rx)
20 mg tablet (OTC)
Omeprazole dosing
20 mg po qd
What does Omeprazole treat?
Acid reflux and indigestion, prevention and treatment of ulcers
Omeprazole tips (3)
Works in 1 day up to 4 day for full effect
Food delays abs (take >1 hr before food)
Separate from antacids by 2 hours
Famotidine brand name
Pepsid (rx) Pepsid Ac (OTC)
Famotidine tablet dosing
20 mg tab
Famotidine dosing
1 tab po bid
What does Famotidine treat?
Acid reflux and indigestion, ulcer treatment and prevention
Famotidine tips (2)
Works in 1 day
Can be taken with antacids
MgOH/AlOH/Simethicone brand name
Maalox Advanced (OTC)
MgOH/AlOH/Simethicone suspension dosing
200/200/20 gm per 5 mLs
MgOH/AlOH/Simethicone dosing
2-4 teaspoons po qid prn
What does MgOH and AlOH treat?
Acute acid reflux and indigestion
What does Simethicone treat
Relief of gas and bloating
MgOH/AlOH/Simethicone tips (2)
Shake well
Works within minutes/instant
Al side effects
Constipation
Mg and Simethicone side effects
Diarrhea
Calcium carbonate brand name
Tums, chewable tab (OTC)
Calcium carbonate tablet dosing
500/750 mg
Calcium carbonate max dosing
7500 mg for indigestion
2500 mg for constipation
What does calcium carbonate treat?
Ca 2+ supplement
Acute acid reflux/indigestion
Calcium carbonate side effect
Constipation
Calcium carbonate tips (2)
Chew before swallowing
Don’t use for more than 2 weeks
Docusate brand name
Colace (OTC)
Docusate capsule dose
100 mg cap
Docusate dose
1-2 caps po qd in divided doses
What does Docusate treat?
Stool softener to relieve constipation
Docusate tips (3)
Works in 1-3 days
Can change absorption of some meds, separate by 2 hrs
Take with water
Docusate side effects (2)
Diarrhea and cramps
Polyethylene glycol brand names
Miralax (OTC); Golytely (Rx)
Polyethylene glycol suspension dosing
powder for suspension (17 g/capful)
Polyethylene glycol dosings
M: 17 g dissolved in 8 oz of liquid po once daily prn
G: mix w/ 1 gal of water and drink 8 oz every 10 min
What does polyethylene glycol treat?
Stool softener and osmotic laxative to relieve constipation
Bowel evacuant for colonoscopy prep
Polyethylene glycol tips (2)
Laxative works in 1-3 days; don’t take >1 week
Colon prep works in 1 hr
Polyethylene glycol side effects (3)
Diarrhea, cramps, bloating
Bisacodyl brand name
Ducolax (OTC)
Bisacodyl tablet and rs dosing
tablet: 5 mg
rs: 10 mg
Bisacodyl dosings
Laxative: 5-15 mg po qd and 10 mg rectally
Colonoscopy: 30 mg dose
Bisacodyl max dose
30 mg/day
What does Bisacodyl treat?
Stimulant laxative for constipation and evacuant for colonoscopy prep
Bisacodyl tips (3)
Oral dose works in 8 hrs
Supp works in 15-60 mins
Do not take longer than 1 wk w/o MD approval
Omega-3 fish oil brand name
Lovaza
Omega-3 capsule dosing
1g liquid capsule
Omega-3 dosing
4g qd
What does omega-3 treat?
Reduce hightriglycerides
Omega-3 tips (2)
Swallow hole, do not open
Refridgerate to decrease fishiness
Omega-3 side effects (2)
Burping
Taste disturbances
Lisinopril brand names
Zestril and Priniril
Lisinopril tablet dosings
10/20/30/40 mg tab
Lisinopril dosing
1 tab po qd
Lisinopril max doses
DNE 80 mg for HTN
DNE 40 mg for heart failure
What does Lisinopril treat?
HTN, heart failure, post heart attack, diabetic neuropathy
Lisinopril tip
Avoid during pregnancy
Lisinopril side effects (3)
Dizziness
Dry cough
Headache
Losartan brand name
Cozaar
Losartan tablet dosing
25/50/100 mg tab
Losartan dosings
HTN: 1 tab po qd/bid
HF: 1 tab po qd
Losartan tip
Avoid during pregnancy
Losartan side effects (2)
Dizziness
Headache
Amlodipine brand name
Norvasc
Amlodipine tablet dosing
5/10 mg
Amlodipine dosing
1 tab po qd
Amlodipine max dose
DNE 10 mg
What does Amlodipine treat?
HTN and angina
Amlodipine side effects (2)
Swelling, headache
Warfarin brand name
Coumadin
Warfarin tablet dosing
2,5, 10 mg tab
Warfarin dosing
Variable dosing
What does warfarin treat?
Prevent and treat blood clots
Warfarin tips (3)
Keep vitamin K constant
Many drug interactions
Take missed dose ASAP but don’t double doses
Spironolactone brand name
Aldactone
Spironolactone tablet dosing
25,50,100 mg tab
Spironolactone dosing
1 tab po qd
What does Spironolactone treat?
Edema, HTN, acne (non-FDA), hirsutism
Spironolactone side effects (3)
Gynecomastia
Diarrhea
Irregular menses
Triamterene/HCTZ brand names
Dyazide (cap) and Maxzide (tab)
Triamterene/HCTZ tab and cap dosing
37.5/25 mg dosing
Triamterene/HCTZ dosing
1-2 cap/tab po qd
What does Triamterene/HCTZ treat?
Edema/HTN
Triamterene/HCTZ side effects (2)
Sun sensitivity
Dizziness upon standing
Metoprolol succinate brand name
Toprol XL
Metoprolol succinate tablet dosing
25, 50, 100, 200 mg
Metoprolol succinate dosing
1 tab po qd
What does Metoprolol succinate treat?
HTN, heart attack, HF
Metoprolol succinate tip
Take with water
Metoprolol succinate side effects (3)
Dizziness, fatigue, decreased heart rate
Metoprolol tartrate brand name
Lorpressor
Metoprolol tartrate tablet dosing
25, 50, 100 mg tablet
Metoprolol tartrate dosing
1 tab po bid
What does Metoprolol tartrate treat?
HTN, heart attack, angina
Metoprolol tartrate tip
Take with water
Metoprolol tartrate side effects (3)
Dizziness, fatigue, decreased heart rate
Atorvastatin brand name
Lipitor
Atorvastatin tablet dosing
20/40 mg tablet
Atorvastatin dosing
1 tab po qd
What does atorvastatin do?
Reduce cholesterol and triglycerides
Atorvastatin side effects (2)
Diarrhea
Report unusual muscle pains, tenderness or fever
Atorvastatin tips
Avoid grapefruit juice and alcohol
Contraindicated in pregnancy
Decrease lipid levels in 2-4 weeks
Ezetimibe brand name
Zetia
Ezetimibe tablet dosing
10 mg
Ezetimibe dosing
1 tab po qd
What does Ezetimibe treat?
Reduce cholesterol
Ezetimibe side effects (2)
Diarrhea
Report unusual muscle pain, tenderness, and weakness
Gemfibrozil brand name
Lopid
Gemfibrozil tablet dosing
600 mg tablet
Gemfibrozil dosing
1 tab po bid 30 min before meals
What does Gemfibrozil treat?
Decrease triglyceries
Gemfibrozil side effects (2)
Upset stomach
Report unusual muscle pain, tenderness or weakness
Insulin lispro brand name
Humalog
Insulin lispro injection dosing
Rapid acting injectable solution (pen/vial)
100 units/mL
Insulin lispro dosing
Individualized dose, inject 15 minutes/after meals
What does Insulin lispro treat?
Antidiabetic (types 1 and 2), lower blood sugar
Insulin lispro tips (2)
Refridgerate unopened vials
discard opened after 28 days
Insulin regular brand name
Humulin/Novolin R
Insulin regular injection dosing
Short acting solution (injectable), 100 units/mL
Insulin regular dosing
Individualized dosing, inject 30 mins before meals
What does Insulin regular treat?
Antidiabetic
Insulin regular tips (2)
Refridgerate unopened vials
discard opened after 28 days
Insulin glargine brand name
Lantus
Insulin glargine injection dosing
Long-acting soluble injection, 100 units/mL
Insulin glargine dosing
Variable injection qd or bid
What does Insulin glargine treat?
Antidiabetes
Insulin glargine tips (4)
Refridgerate unopened vials
discard opened after 28 days
Use at same time each day
Do not mix with other insulin in same syringe
Metformin brand name
Glucophage
Metformin tablet dosing
500, 850, 1000 mg
Metformin dosing
500&850 mg tid
1000 mg bid
Metformin max dose
DNE: 2550 mg/d
What does Metformin treat?
Antidiabetic
Metformin tips (3)
Titrate dose up weakly
Take with meals
Take with plenty of water
Metformin side effect
Decrease appetite
Glimepiride brand name?
Amaryl
Glimepiride tablet dosing
2 mg tab
Glimepiride dosing
1 tab po qd
What does Glimepiride treat?
Antidiabetic/lower blood sugar
Glimepiride tip
Take with breakfast to decrease nausea
Glimepiride side effect
Headache
Sitagliptin brand name
Januvia
Sitagliptin tablet dosing
100 mg tab
Sitagliptin dosing
1 tab po qd
What does Sitagliptin treat?
Antidiabetic/ lower blood sugar
Sitagliptin side effect
Headache
Clonidine brand names
Catapres, Catapres TTS
Clonidine tablet/transdermal patch dosing
0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg dosing
Clonidine dosings
1 tab PO bid
1 patch weekly
Clonidine max doses
Tab: DNE 2.4 mg/day
Patch: DNE 0.6 mg/day
What does Clonidine treat?
HTN, ADHD, hot sweats, nicotine dependence
Clonidine tip
Avoid alcohol
Clonidine side effects (2)
Dry mouth
Constipation
Loperamide brand names
Imodium (Rx) and Imodium AD (OTC)
Loperamide tab and capsule dosing
Capsule (Rx) and Tab (OTC) 2 mg
Loperamide dosing
2 tabs po after 1st stool, then 1 tab after each
Loperamide max doses
OTC: 8 mg/day
Rx: 16 mg/day
What does Loperamide treat?
Slows peristalsis to treat diarrhea
Loperamide tips (2)
Drink fluids during treatment
Call MD if diarrhea hasn’t improved in 2 days due to dehydration risk
Loperamide side effect
Drowsiness
