all enzymes

Question 1

Lecithin-Cholesterol AcylTransferase

Answer 1

converts free cholesterol into cholesteryl esters

Question 2

lipoprotein lipase

Answer 2

→breaks down fat in the form of triglycerides,
→lipoprotein expressing this apoprotein will lose its triglycerides

→binds to LDL and the triglycerides are broken down to monoacyl glycerols and fatty acids

Question 3

hexokinase and what inhibits it

Answer 3

glucose to G6P

inhibited by G6P

Question 4

phosphofructokinase and what inhibits it and stimulates it

Answer 4

fructose-6-phosphate → fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
inhibited by ATP, citrate and H+
stimulated by F16BP and AMP

Question 5

triose phosphate isomerase

Answer 5

dihydroxyacetone phosphate → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Question 6

pyruvate kinase and what inhibits it

Answer 6

phosphoenol pyruvate to pyruvate

inhibited by ATP

Question 7

glucokinase

Answer 7

same as hexokinase but in the liver

Question 8

pyruvate dehydrogenase and what inhibits it and stimulates it

Answer 8

pyruvate → acetyl CoA
inhibited by NADH, ATP, Acetyl CoA
stimulated by ADP and pyruvate

Question 9

citrate synthase and what inhibits it

Answer 9

oxaloacetate + acetyl CoA → citric acid

inhibited by citrate

Question 10

α-Keto gluterate dehydrogenase and what inhibits it and stimulates it

Answer 10

alpha ketoglutarate → succinyl CoA

inhibited by NADH, ATP, succinyl CoA

Question 11

trypsin

Answer 11

cleaves after lys, arg (+ve) because it has a -ve cleft

Question 12

chymotrypsin

Answer 12

cleaves after phe, trp, tyr (aromatic and hydrophobic) because it has a hydrophobic cleft

Question 13

elastase

Answer 13

cleaves after small amino acids

due to narrow pocket

Question 14

topoisomerase II

Answer 14

relieves tension and stress from supercoiling

Question 15

HMG-CoA reductase

Answer 15

Rate-controlling enzyme in the uptake of cholesterol.

Question 16

thioesterase

Answer 16

cleaves the bond between the Palmitate and the sulfhydryl group on ACP.
At the end of Fatty Acid Synthesis.

Question 17

Acetyl Transacylase Domain of FAS

Answer 17

catalyses the attachment of Acetyl CoA onto the sulfhydryl group on ACP.

Question 18

Malonyl Transacylase Domain of FAS

Answer 18

catalyses the formation of a bond between the malonyl and the sulfhydryl group on the ACP.

Question 19

B - Ketoacyl ACP Reductase Domain of FAS

Answer 19

catalyses reduction of acetoacetyl into a D - 3 - hydroxybutyryl.

Question 20

Triacylglycerol Lipase

Answer 20

catalyses convertion of Triacylglycerol to Diacylglycerol.

Question 21

Acetyl CoA carboxylase

Answer 21

acetyl CoA into malonyl Coa

Question 22

fatty acid synthase

Answer 22

exists as a dimer

sequential addition of 2C

Question 23

Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT)

Answer 23

Converts Choline to Acetylcholine

Question 24

Acetylcholinesterase

Answer 24

Breaks down the Ach into ACETATE & CHOLINE very rapidly

Question 25

TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE.

Answer 25

→ TYROSINE to DOPA (dihydroxyphenylalanine).

→ The rate determining step in synthesis of Noradrenaline.

Question 26

DOPA DECARBOXYLASE.

Answer 26

DOPA to DOPAMINE

Question 27

DOPAMINE BETA HYDROXYLASE

Answer 27

→ DOPAMINE to NORADRENALINE.

→ Found in vesicles

Question 28

PHENYLETHANOLAMINE N - METHYLTRANSFERASE

Answer 28

NORADRENALINE to ADRENALINE.

Question 29

1. MONOAMINE OXIDASE

2. CATECHOL - O - METHYLTRANSFERASE

Answer 29

→ Metabolise Noradrenaline and Adrenaline.
→ Metabolised by MONOAMINE OXIDASE (MAO) in neurons.
→ CATECHOL - O - METHYLTRANSFERASE (COMT) in non-neuronal sites (e.g. adrenal medulla).

Question 30

isocitrate dehydrogenase

Answer 30

isocitrate → alpha ketoglutarate