ALL DRUGS

Question 1

what are the dose instructions for chlromapheniocl

Answer 1

apply one drop every 2hours - reduce frequency as controlled

0.5% eye drops are supplied for abc

less severe infections 4x a day daily is sufficient

alternative = 1% ointment applied at night for sever infections in addition to drops during the day

so 0.5% minims or 1% drops

Question 2

what is chlormphenicol used for and how should it be stored

Answer 2

Acute Bacterial Conjuctivitis )P medicine when supplied to children over.2years and adults

POM medicine under 2 years

stored below 25c

if stored at room temp must be used within 28 days

Question 3

what are the dose instructions for fusidic acid

Answer 3

to be applied twice daily for both adults and children

stored below 25c

Question 4

in what pts is chlormphenicol contraindicated

Answer 4

contraindicated in pregnancy and breast feeding mothers - due to the risk of grey baby syndrome

contraindicated in patients with a history of blood dycrasias due to association of aplastic anaemia

Question 5

in what patients is fusidic acid contraindicated

Answer 5

contraindicated in patients with a known sensitviity to any component e.g.benzalkonium chloride

Question 6

what are the dose instructions for lidocaine with fluroscien

Answer 6

4% lidocaine with 0.25 fluroscen (amide type)

Question 7

what are the dose instructions for oxybuprocaine

Answer 7

0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (ester type)

Question 8

what are the dose instructions for proxymetacaine

Answer 8

0.5% proxymetacaine (ester typE)
stored att 2-8c all other anesthetics below 25c

can be stored at room tempreture for 1 month but then must be discarded

Question 9

what are the dose instructions for tetracaine

Answer 9

0.5% and 1% tetracaine hydrochloride

Question 10

what are the therapeutic uses of local anesthetics

Answer 10

measurement of iop by Goldmann applantiion tonomettry

fluroscein is needed to visualise the contact area so 1 drop of lidocaine with fluroscein is frequently used

foreign body removal

goldmann tonometry

goinioscopy
foreign body removal

Question 11

what are the precautions to be aware of with local anaesthetics

Answer 11

• during the length of anesthethesiia is important as patients may lose the protective blink reflex - unable t feel any corneal abrasion

therefore reminded pts to not rub eyes up to 1hr after instillation

pts should be reminded that stinging = temporal

Question 12

what are the dose instructions for atropine

Answer 12

pom 3months- 17years

atropine 1%

Question 13

when is atropine used

Answer 13

only used if other drugs are innefectve or allergy e.g. heavily pigmented irises

Question 14

what are the undesirable effects ts

Answer 14

photophobia

stinging

constipattion

dizziness

drowsiness
dry mouth
dyspepsia
flushing
headache

Question 15

what are the dose instructions for cyclopentalatte

Answer 15

0.5% and 1%

3montths- 12 years 1%

over 12s 0.5%

Question 16

when is cylopentalate used

Answer 16

used in case of ineffective dilation with tropicaminde or allergy POM

Question 17

what are the side effects of cyclopentalate

Answer 17

abdominal distension

arthmias

abnormal behaviour

carido respiratory distress

conjuctivitis (on prolonged administration)

constipation

dry mouth

cns disturbances such as ataxia , hyperactivity, disorentiation

Question 18

what are the dose instructions for tropicamide

Answer 18

0.5% and 1%

for cycloplegia in children or teens 1 drop followed by another 5 mins later

POM

Question 19

what are the used of tropic amide

Answer 19

paediatric refraction

amblyopia

uveitis

alleviation of c cillary spasm

Question 20

what are the uses of tropic amide

Answer 20

paediatric refraction

amblyopia

uveitis

alleviation of cillary spasm

Question 21

what are the drug interactions for atropine

Answer 21

phenelphrine - atropine increases the risk of severe hypertension

Question 22

what are the drug interactions for cyclopenetalate

Answer 22

other drugs with antimuscarinics - parkisons medication

levodopa (cyclopentalte) reduces the absorption of levodopa

Question 23

what are the drug interactions for tropicamide

Answer 23

• clozapine - risk of devleloping intestinal obstruction

Question 24

what are the precautions for using atropine

Answer 24

pigmented irises

neonates

narrow angles

Question 25

who is cyclopentalate not reccomeded for

Answer 25

not recommended in children under 3 months due to risk of amblyopia

pigmented irises

neonates

narrow angles

Question 26

what is the optimal concentration of hyaluronic acid

Answer 26

optimal concentration of hylaraonic acid is 0.1% to 0.4%

Question 27

what is the mode of action of sodium cromoglycate

Answer 27

mast cell stabiliser for the relief and treatment of perennial and seasonal allergic cojunctivitis

Question 28

what are the dose instructions for sodium cromoglycate

Answer 28

2% P medicine is less than 10ml if more than 10ml then POM

GSL gif older than 6 years and for not more than 14 days

also available in single use preperations

2% sodium cromoglycate drops

dose = 1 or 2 drops to both eye 4x a day

store below 30c

Question 29

what is the therpeuitic use of sodium cromoglycate

Answer 29

for the relief and symptoms of hay fever

Question 30

what are the precautions of sodium cromoglycate

Answer 30

contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to sodium cromoglycate

only be used in pregnancy when their is is a clinical need

contact lense wearers should remove their lenses during treatment