ALL DRUGS Flashcards
what are the dose instructions for chlromapheniocl
apply one drop every 2hours - reduce frequency as controlled
0.5% eye drops are supplied for abc
less severe infections 4x a day daily is sufficient
alternative = 1% ointment applied at night for sever infections in addition to drops during the day
so 0.5% minims or 1% drops
what is chlormphenicol used for and how should it be stored
Acute Bacterial Conjuctivitis )P medicine when supplied to children over.2years and adults
POM medicine under 2 years
stored below 25c
if stored at room temp must be used within 28 days
what are the dose instructions for fusidic acid
to be applied twice daily for both adults and children
stored below 25c
in what pts is chlormphenicol contraindicated
contraindicated in pregnancy and breast feeding mothers - due to the risk of grey baby syndrome
contraindicated in patients with a history of blood dycrasias due to association of aplastic anaemia
in what patients is fusidic acid contraindicated
contraindicated in patients with a known sensitviity to any component e.g.benzalkonium chloride
what are the dose instructions for lidocaine with fluroscien
4% lidocaine with 0.25 fluroscen (amide type)
what are the dose instructions for oxybuprocaine
0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (ester type)
what are the dose instructions for proxymetacaine
0.5% proxymetacaine (ester typE)
stored att 2-8c all other anesthetics below 25c
can be stored at room tempreture for 1 month but then must be discarded
what are the dose instructions for tetracaine
0.5% and 1% tetracaine hydrochloride
what are the therapeutic uses of local anesthetics
measurement of iop by Goldmann applantiion tonomettry
fluroscein is needed to visualise the contact area so 1 drop of lidocaine with fluroscein is frequently used
foreign body removal
goldmann tonometry
goinioscopy
foreign body removal
what are the precautions to be aware of with local anaesthetics
- during the length of anesthethesiia is important as patients may lose the protective blink reflex - unable t feel any corneal abrasion
therefore reminded pts to not rub eyes up to 1hr after instillation
pts should be reminded that stinging = temporal
what are the dose instructions for atropine
pom 3months- 17years
atropine 1%
when is atropine used
only used if other drugs are innefectve or allergy e.g. heavily pigmented irises
what are the undesirable effects ts
photophobia
stinging
constipattion
dizziness
drowsiness
dry mouth
dyspepsia
flushing
headache
what are the dose instructions for cyclopentalatte
0.5% and 1%
3montths- 12 years 1%
over 12s 0.5%
when is cylopentalate used
used in case of ineffective dilation with tropicaminde or allergy POM
what are the side effects of cyclopentalate
abdominal distension
arthmias
abnormal behaviour
carido respiratory distress
conjuctivitis (on prolonged administration)
constipation
dry mouth
cns disturbances such as ataxia , hyperactivity, disorentiation
what are the dose instructions for tropicamide
0.5% and 1%
for cycloplegia in children or teens 1 drop followed by another 5 mins later
POM
what are the used of tropic amide
paediatric refraction
amblyopia
uveitis
alleviation of c cillary spasm
what are the uses of tropic amide
paediatric refraction
amblyopia
uveitis
alleviation of cillary spasm
what are the drug interactions for atropine
phenelphrine - atropine increases the risk of severe hypertension
what are the drug interactions for cyclopenetalate
other drugs with antimuscarinics - parkisons medication
levodopa (cyclopentalte) reduces the absorption of levodopa
what are the drug interactions for tropicamide
- clozapine - risk of devleloping intestinal obstruction
what are the precautions for using atropine
pigmented irises
neonates
narrow angles
who is cyclopentalate not reccomeded for
not recommended in children under 3 months due to risk of amblyopia
pigmented irises
neonates
narrow angles
what is the optimal concentration of hyaluronic acid
optimal concentration of hylaraonic acid is 0.1% to 0.4%
what is the mode of action of sodium cromoglycate
mast cell stabiliser for the relief and treatment of perennial and seasonal allergic cojunctivitis
what are the dose instructions for sodium cromoglycate
2% P medicine is less than 10ml if more than 10ml then POM
GSL gif older than 6 years and for not more than 14 days
also available in single use preperations
2% sodium cromoglycate drops
dose = 1 or 2 drops to both eye 4x a day
store below 30c
what is the therpeuitic use of sodium cromoglycate
for the relief and symptoms of hay fever
what are the precautions of sodium cromoglycate
contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to sodium cromoglycate
only be used in pregnancy when their is is a clinical need
contact lense wearers should remove their lenses during treatment
