All CV Drugs

Question 1

Inhibits the synthesis of ACh by inhibiting transport of choline into neurons

Answer 1

Hemicholinium

Question 2

Inhibits the synthesis of ACh by inhibiting the packaging of ACh into storage vessicles

Answer 2

Vesamicol

Question 3

Inhibits ACh function by inhibiting the release of ACh from neurons

Answer 3

Botox

Question 4

How is ACh terminated? What enzyme?

Answer 4

ACh esterase

Question 5

Inhibits formation of NE by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase

Answer 5

Metyrosine

Question 6

Inhibits formation of NE by preventing the transport of dopamine into storage vesicles

Answer 6

Reserpine

Question 7

How is NE terminated?

Answer 7

Diffusion & Reuptake (unlike ACh which is metabolized by ACh esterase)

Question 8

What drugs inhibit the reuptake of NE?

Answer 8

Cocaine & antidepressants

Question 9

Once outside the synaptic cleft, however, NE is metabolized by?

Answer 9

MAO & COMT

Question 10

24 hour levels of what give you a picture of the total body catecholamines?

Answer 10

VMA

Question 11

This drug blocks NE synthesis by inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase

Answer 11

Metyrosine

Question 12

This drug blocks NE storage

Answer 12

Reserpine

Question 13

This drug blocks NE release

Answer 13

Guanethidine

Question 14

M1 muscarinic receptors are excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 14

Excitatory!

Question 15

M2 muscarinic receptors are excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 15

Inhibitory :(

Question 16

M1 muscarinic receptors are Gq coupled or Gi coupled?

Answer 16

Gq coupled… leads to increased IP3, increased phospholipase C, DAG cascade –> increase in intracellular Ca2+

Question 17

M2 muscarinic receptors are Gq coupled or Gi coupled?

Answer 17

Gi… decrease cAMP and decrease HR

Question 18

Alpha 1 receptor excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 18

Excitatory; increases IP3 and DAG.. on post-synaptic neuron

Question 19

Alpha 2 receptor excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 19

Inhibitory; decreases cAMP… on pre-synaptic neuron as a negative feedback mechanism

Question 20

What drugs treat pheochromocytoma?

Answer 20

NE blocking drugs: Metyrosine, Reserpine, Guanethidine

Question 21

This beta blocker lowers BP in pts with increased renin

Answer 21

Propranolol

Question 22

This beta blocker lowers BP in pts with normal renin

Answer 22

Pindolol

Question 23

If someone is on a beta blocker, can you abruptly take them off of it?

Answer 23

Hell no! They could die a sudden death

Question 24

Beta blockers have many “off target” effects. What is a beta blockers off target effect in the respiratory system?

Answer 24

Beta blockers cause bronchoconstriction; contraindicated in asthmatics

Question 25

What is an off target CNS effect for beta blockers?

Answer 25

mental disorders, vivid dreams

Question 26

beta blocker off target glucose effect?

Answer 26

hypoglycemia; Beta1 blockers mask the tachycardia that normally lets diabetics know that they are hypoglycemic

Question 27

beta blocker off target lipid profile?

Answer 27

Beta blockers mediate lypolysis leading to increase TG and decreased HDL

Question 28

HTN, post-MI, anxiety, migraines, esophogeal verices, CHF, hyperthyroidism, and glaucoma are clinical uses of?

Answer 28

Beta blockers

Question 29

Beta receptors are divided into B1 and B2. B1 is found primarily in?

Answer 29

Cardiac muscle and JGA; increases HR and renin release when stimulated

Question 30

B2 receptors are found primarily in?

Answer 30

Skeletal muscle; vasodilates skeletal muscle

Question 31

Beta blocking drugs end in?

Answer 31

lol "I laugh out loud at beta blockers"

Question 32

These beta blockers have a much higher specificity for B1 receptors

Answer 32

A-N

Question 33

These beta blocker have equal affinity for B1 and B2 receptors

Answer 33

O-Z

Question 34

Beta blocking drugs are grouped by different functions. Some have membrane stabilizing activity meaning they decrease the slope of phase O

Answer 34

Pro Ace Carver: Propranolol, Acebutolol, Carvedilol

Question 35

Some beta blocking drugs have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA)

Answer 35

Ace Labeled 2 Pens in the Cart: Acebutolol, Labetalol, Pindolol, Penbutolol, Carteolol

Question 36

Some beta blocking drugs are lipid soluble and can penetrane the BBB

Answer 36

Tim Met 3 People: Timolol, Metoprolol, Pindolol, Propranolol, Penbutolol

Question 37

Which beta blockers induce NO (nitrous oxide) production?

Answer 37

NC: Now Cart this weight because you take NO: Nebivolol, Carteolol

Question 38

This beta blocker is unique in that it actually activates beta 2 receptors while blocking beta1 receptors

Answer 38

Celip beta 2 in the Cart: Caliprolol, Carteolol

Question 39

These two beta blockers are alpha1 receptor antagonists

Answer 39

LC: Labetolol, Carvedilol (Carvedilol is highly protein bound and has antioxidant activity)

Question 40

this beta blocker blocks Ca2+ entry

Answer 40

Betaxolol & Carvedilol... it be taxin and Carvin those Ca2+ channels.

Question 41

this is a particularly long acting beta blocker that decreases all mortality and treats glaucoma

Answer 41

Bisoprolol.. biso longo!

Question 42

this beta blocker has a very short half life and is given IV

Answer 42

Esmolol... es muy pequino half life

Question 43

this beta blocker treats open angle glaucoma

Answer 43

timolol; also long acting bisoprolol

Question 44

In general side effects of beta blockers

Answer 44

cold extremities (Raynaud's), bradycardia, bronchospasm, bad dreams, hypoglycemia, drug withdrawl syndrome

Question 45

Do beta blockers cause salt and water retention?

Answer 45

No, so it is not necessary to co-prescribe a diuretic but it can still be helpful

Question 46

Beta blockers are preferred in HTN pts who also have?

Answer 46

CHF, MI, hyperthyroidism, migraines

Question 47

Drug of choice for metabolic syndrome

Answer 47

Nebivolol

Question 48

Labetolol and Carvedilol (LC) are both beta blockers that also block alpha 1 receptors. Which of these is highly protein bound?

Answer 48

Carvedilol.. Carve sounds like carne (spanish for meat = protein).. it also has antioxidant properties

Question 49

This beta blocker is a beta 1 blocker that has beta 2 agonist activity

Answer 49

Celip beta 2 in the Cart: Celiprolol, Cartedilol

Question 50

Beta blockers are contraindicated with what two drugs?

Answer 50

Varapamil, Deltiazem

Question 51

Difference between first/second generation beta blocker and third generation?

Answer 51

First/second are good for high renin HTN; 3rd generation best for CHF