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CV Pharmacology- Parker > All CV Drugs > Flashcards

All CV Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Inhibits the synthesis of ACh by inhibiting transport of choline into neurons

A

Hemicholinium

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2
Q

Inhibits the synthesis of ACh by inhibiting the packaging of ACh into storage vessicles

A

Vesamicol

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3
Q

Inhibits ACh function by inhibiting the release of ACh from neurons

A

Botox

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4
Q

How is ACh terminated? What enzyme?

A

ACh esterase

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5
Q

Inhibits formation of NE by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase

A

Metyrosine

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6
Q

Inhibits formation of NE by preventing the transport of dopamine into storage vesicles

A

Reserpine

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7
Q

How is NE terminated?

A

Diffusion & Reuptake (unlike ACh which is metabolized by ACh esterase)

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8
Q

What drugs inhibit the reuptake of NE?

A

Cocaine & antidepressants

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9
Q

Once outside the synaptic cleft, however, NE is metabolized by?

A

MAO & COMT

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10
Q

24 hour levels of what give you a picture of the total body catecholamines?

A

VMA

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11
Q

This drug blocks NE synthesis by inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase

A

Metyrosine

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12
Q

This drug blocks NE storage

A

Reserpine

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13
Q

This drug blocks NE release

A

Guanethidine

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14
Q

M1 muscarinic receptors are excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Excitatory!

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15
Q

M2 muscarinic receptors are excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Inhibitory :(

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16
Q

M1 muscarinic receptors are Gq coupled or Gi coupled?

A

Gq coupled… leads to increased IP3, increased phospholipase C, DAG cascade –> increase in intracellular Ca2+

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17
Q

M2 muscarinic receptors are Gq coupled or Gi coupled?

A

Gi… decrease cAMP and decrease HR

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18
Q

Alpha 1 receptor excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Excitatory; increases IP3 and DAG.. on post-synaptic neuron

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19
Q

Alpha 2 receptor excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Inhibitory; decreases cAMP… on pre-synaptic neuron as a negative feedback mechanism

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20
Q

What drugs treat pheochromocytoma?

A

NE blocking drugs: Metyrosine, Reserpine, Guanethidine

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21
Q

This beta blocker lowers BP in pts with increased renin

A

Propranolol

22
Q

This beta blocker lowers BP in pts with normal renin

A

Pindolol

23
Q

If someone is on a beta blocker, can you abruptly take them off of it?

A

Hell no! They could die a sudden death

24
Q

Beta blockers have many “off target” effects. What is a beta blockers off target effect in the respiratory system?

A

Beta blockers cause bronchoconstriction; contraindicated in asthmatics

25
Q

What is an off target CNS effect for beta blockers?

A

mental disorders, vivid dreams

26
Q

beta blocker off target glucose effect?

A

hypoglycemia; Beta1 blockers mask the tachycardia that normally lets diabetics know that they are hypoglycemic

27
Q

beta blocker off target lipid profile?

A

Beta blockers mediate lypolysis leading to increase TG and decreased HDL

28
Q

HTN, post-MI, anxiety, migraines, esophogeal verices, CHF, hyperthyroidism, and glaucoma are clinical uses of?

A

Beta blockers

29
Q

Beta receptors are divided into B1 and B2. B1 is found primarily in?

A

Cardiac muscle and JGA; increases HR and renin release when stimulated

30
Q

B2 receptors are found primarily in?

A

Skeletal muscle; vasodilates skeletal muscle

31
Q

Beta blocking drugs end in?

A

lol “I laugh out loud at beta blockers”

32
Q

These beta blockers have a much higher specificity for B1 receptors

A

A-N

33
Q

These beta blocker have equal affinity for B1 and B2 receptors

A

O-Z

34
Q

Beta blocking drugs are grouped by different functions. Some have membrane stabilizing activity meaning they decrease the slope of phase O

A

Pro Ace Carver: Propranolol, Acebutolol, Carvedilol

35
Q

Some beta blocking drugs have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA)

A

Ace Labeled 2 Pens in the Cart: Acebutolol, Labetalol, Pindolol, Penbutolol, Carteolol

36
Q

Some beta blocking drugs are lipid soluble and can penetrane the BBB

A

Tim Met 3 People: Timolol, Metoprolol, Pindolol, Propranolol, Penbutolol

37
Q

Which beta blockers induce NO (nitrous oxide) production?

A

NC: Now Cart this weight because you take NO: Nebivolol, Carteolol

38
Q

This beta blocker is unique in that it actually activates beta 2 receptors while blocking beta1 receptors

A

Celip beta 2 in the Cart: Caliprolol, Carteolol

39
Q

These two beta blockers are alpha1 receptor antagonists

A

LC: Labetolol, Carvedilol (Carvedilol is highly protein bound and has antioxidant activity)

40
Q

this beta blocker blocks Ca2+ entry

A

Betaxolol & Carvedilol… it be taxin and Carvin those Ca2+ channels.

41
Q

this is a particularly long acting beta blocker that decreases all mortality and treats glaucoma

A

Bisoprolol.. biso longo!

42
Q

this beta blocker has a very short half life and is given IV

A

Esmolol… es muy pequino half life

43
Q

this beta blocker treats open angle glaucoma

A

timolol; also long acting bisoprolol

44
Q

In general side effects of beta blockers

A

cold extremities (Raynaud’s), bradycardia, bronchospasm, bad dreams, hypoglycemia, drug withdrawl syndrome

45
Q

Do beta blockers cause salt and water retention?

A

No, so it is not necessary to co-prescribe a diuretic but it can still be helpful

46
Q

Beta blockers are preferred in HTN pts who also have?

A

CHF, MI, hyperthyroidism, migraines

47
Q

Drug of choice for metabolic syndrome

A

Nebivolol

48
Q

Labetolol and Carvedilol (LC) are both beta blockers that also block alpha 1 receptors. Which of these is highly protein bound?

A

Carvedilol.. Carve sounds like carne (spanish for meat = protein).. it also has antioxidant properties

49
Q

This beta blocker is a beta 1 blocker that has beta 2 agonist activity

A

Celip beta 2 in the Cart: Celiprolol, Cartedilol

50
Q

Beta blockers are contraindicated with what two drugs?

A

Varapamil, Deltiazem

51
Q

Difference between first/second generation beta blocker and third generation?

A

First/second are good for high renin HTN; 3rd generation best for CHF

CV Pharmacology- Parker (14 decks)

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