Alkenes

Question 0

Pi bond

Answer 0

A double covalent bond.

• the reactive part of the C=C
• its former above and below the plane of the 2 C atoms bonded together by the sigma bond.

Question 1

Sigma bond

Answer 1

A single covalent bond.

Question 2

Addition reaction

Answer 2

A reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule (C=C) to form a saturated bond.

Question 3

Electrophile

Answer 3

• an atom/group that is attracted to an e- rich centre/ e- rich atom
• it accepts a pair of e- to form a new covalent bond

Question 4

Hydrogenation of ethene

Answer 4

Catalyst: Ni
Temperature: 150 C
Pressure: 1atm

Question 5

Hydration of ethene

Answer 5

Catalyst: phosphoric acid, H3PO4
Temperature: high
Pressure: high

Question 6

Markovnikov’s rule

Answer 6

The H adds on to the C that has the most H’s already bonded to it.

Question 7

Electrophilic addition

Answer 7

An addition reaction where an electrophile is attracted to an e- rich centre/atom, & accepts a pair of e- to form a new covalent bond.

Question 8

Carbocation

Answer 8

An organic ion in which C has a +ve charge - unstable!

Question 9

Curly arrow

Answer 9

A symbol in mechanisms to show movement of a pair of e- in covalent bond making/breaking.

Question 10

Polymer

Answer 10

A long molecular chain, built up from monomer units.

Question 11

Monomer

Answer 11

A small molecule that combines with many others to form a polymer.

Question 12

Addition polymerisation

Answer 12

Unsaturated alkane monomers add onto a growing polymer chain to form an addition polymer.

Question 13

Repeat unit

Answer 13

The specific arrangement of atoms occurring again and again in a polymer.