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NT - 315 > alimentary tract disorders > Flashcards

alimentary tract disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Glands associated with alimentary tracts

A

Salivary glands

the liver and gall bladder

The pancreas

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2
Q

Pancreatic secretions

A

Bicarbonate

lipase (fat breakdown)

proteases (trypsinogen)

Amyalase

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3
Q 
functions of the digestion system
1
2
3
4
A

Enable intake of food (mouth and teeth)

Break down into soluble form (Stomach and intestines)

Absorption of nutrients (intestines - small and large)

Removal of waste (liver - anus)

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4
Q

Define: digestion

A

the process of breaking down food into its simplest form (nutrients)

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5
Q

Define: absorption

A

procress of transporting a substance across a membrane

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6
Q

define: assimilation

A

the terms used to describe the process of turning absorbed nutrients into body compnents.

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7
Q

the liver:

the liver is the _______ internal organ and it lies _____. to the diaphragm, to the right of the stomach. It is divided into a number of lobes, between two of which lies the _________. A quater of its blood supply comes from the ________ _______, and the other 75% comes from the _____ ____ ____. This ensures that the products of digestion are passed directly to the liver prior to reaching the rest of the body for ________. Even though the liver has two blood supplies, it only has ____ drainage system. The ______ _____, which drains into the ____ ___ and then the ____ side of the heart.

A 
largest
caudal 
gall bladder
hepatic artery
hepatic portal vein 
assimulilation
one
hepatic vein
vena cava
right
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8
Q

functions of liver

1 - 10

A 
removal of toxins
produces + secretes bile 
protein synthesis
carbohydrate metabolism 
performs gluconegesis
fat metabolism 
vitmain storage  (D,A,K,E,B12)
production of heat 
stores minerals
production of urea
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9
Q

define: coprophagia

A

eating poo

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10
Q

define: dyschezia

A

difficulty pooing

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11
Q

define: haematochezia

A

poo with fresh blood

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12
Q

define: inappetance

A

low apitate

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13
Q

define: megaoesophagus

A

loss of peristalsis (enlarged/oesophagus)

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14
Q

define: eaena

A

dark (digested) blood in faeces

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15
Q

define: pica

A

eating non food stuff

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16
Q

define: polyphagia

A

excessive eating

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17
Q

define: starvation

A

suffering caused by the lack of food

18
Q

define: steatorrhoea

A

excretion of abnormal quantities of fat

19
Q

define: tenesmus

A

straining to pass faeces

20
Q

Regurgitation - occurs _______ after eating

A

after

21
Q

Regurgitation - contents of the _______

A

oesophagus

22
Q

Regurgitation - needs __ _______ effort

A

no abdominal effort

23
Q

Regurgitation - food is _________

A

undigested

24
Q

Regurgitation - occurs ______

A

suddenly

25
Q

Regurgitation - has a ______ pH

A

neutral

26
Q

Vomiting - occurs _______ after eating

A

sometime

27
Q

Vomiting - contents of ___________

A

stomach and intestines

28
Q

Vomiting - _______ abdominal effort

A

involves

29
Q

Vomiting - food is _________

A

digested

30
Q

Vomiting - signs

A

salivating, distress, lip smacking

31
Q

Vomiting - _________ pH

A

acidic pH caused by stomach acid

32
Q

Guinea pigs - vitamin deficiency that causes scurvy

A

VITAMIN C

33
Q

define: enema

A

introduction of liquid into rectum + distal colon to help break up faeces and facilitate the passage of faeces from the rectum

34
Q

define: enemata

A

plural of enema

35
Q

three reasons for administering an enema

A

to empty rectum

(constipations, imaging, enable drug administration)

diagnostic aid (view outline of colon/rectum)

To administer medication (rectal diazepam)

36
Q

enema solutions - rectal solutions

A 
saline 
tap water 
ready to use enema 
liquid parafin 
mineral oil
37
Q

enema solutions - oral solutions

A

klean prep

picolax

38
Q

Assissted feeding: methods x 3

A

appetite stimulation
enteral feeding
parental feeding

39
Q

parental feeding: route

A

nutrients that go IV

40
Q

enteral feeding: route

A

using GI tract to feed

41
Q

assisted feeding: route

A

tablets / injections used to persuade a patient to eat

NT - 315 (7 decks)

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