alimentary tract disorders

Question 1

Glands associated with alimentary tracts

Answer 1

Salivary glands

the liver and gall bladder

The pancreas

Question 2

Pancreatic secretions

Answer 2

Bicarbonate

lipase (fat breakdown)

proteases (trypsinogen)

Amyalase

Question 3

functions of the digestion system
1
2
3
4

Answer 3

Enable intake of food (mouth and teeth)

Break down into soluble form (Stomach and intestines)

Absorption of nutrients (intestines - small and large)

Removal of waste (liver - anus)

Question 4

Define: digestion

Answer 4

the process of breaking down food into its simplest form (nutrients)

Question 5

Define: absorption

Answer 5

procress of transporting a substance across a membrane

Question 6

define: assimilation

Answer 6

the terms used to describe the process of turning absorbed nutrients into body compnents.

Question 7

the liver:

the liver is the _______ internal organ and it lies _____. to the diaphragm, to the right of the stomach. It is divided into a number of lobes, between two of which lies the _________. A quater of its blood supply comes from the ________ _______, and the other 75% comes from the _____ ____ ____. This ensures that the products of digestion are passed directly to the liver prior to reaching the rest of the body for ________. Even though the liver has two blood supplies, it only has ____ drainage system. The ______ _____, which drains into the ____ ___ and then the ____ side of the heart.

Answer 7

largest
caudal 
gall bladder
hepatic artery
hepatic portal vein 
assimulilation
one
hepatic vein
vena cava
right

Question 8

functions of liver

1 - 10

Answer 8

removal of toxins
produces + secretes bile 
protein synthesis
carbohydrate metabolism 
performs gluconegesis
fat metabolism 
vitmain storage  (D,A,K,E,B12)
production of heat 
stores minerals
production of urea

Question 9

define: coprophagia

Answer 9

eating poo

Question 10

define: dyschezia

Answer 10

difficulty pooing

Question 11

define: haematochezia

Answer 11

poo with fresh blood

Question 12

define: inappetance

Answer 12

low apitate

Question 13

define: megaoesophagus

Answer 13

loss of peristalsis (enlarged/oesophagus)

Question 14

define: eaena

Answer 14

dark (digested) blood in faeces

Question 15

define: pica

Answer 15

eating non food stuff

Question 16

define: polyphagia

Answer 16

excessive eating

Question 17

define: starvation

Answer 17

suffering caused by the lack of food

Question 18

define: steatorrhoea

Answer 18

excretion of abnormal quantities of fat

Question 19

define: tenesmus

Answer 19

straining to pass faeces

Question 20

Regurgitation - occurs _______ after eating

Answer 20

after

Question 21

Regurgitation - contents of the _______

Answer 21

oesophagus

Question 22

Regurgitation - needs __ _______ effort

Answer 22

no abdominal effort

Question 23

Regurgitation - food is _________

Answer 23

undigested

Question 24

Regurgitation - occurs ______

Answer 24

suddenly

Question 25

Regurgitation - has a ______ pH

Answer 25

neutral

Question 26

Vomiting - occurs _______ after eating

Answer 26

sometime

Question 27

Vomiting - contents of ___________

Answer 27

stomach and intestines

Question 28

Vomiting - _______ abdominal effort

Answer 28

involves

Question 29

Vomiting - food is _________

Answer 29

digested

Question 30

Vomiting - signs

Answer 30

salivating, distress, lip smacking

Question 31

Vomiting - _________ pH

Answer 31

acidic pH caused by stomach acid

Question 32

Guinea pigs - vitamin deficiency that causes scurvy

Answer 32

VITAMIN C

Question 33

define: enema

Answer 33

introduction of liquid into rectum + distal colon to help break up faeces and facilitate the passage of faeces from the rectum

Question 34

define: enemata

Answer 34

plural of enema

Question 35

three reasons for administering an enema

Answer 35

to empty rectum (constipations, imaging, enable drug administration) diagnostic aid (view outline of colon/rectum) To administer medication (rectal diazepam)

Question 36

enema solutions - rectal solutions

Answer 36

``` saline tap water ready to use enema liquid parafin mineral oil ```

Question 37

enema solutions - oral solutions

Answer 37

klean prep | picolax

Question 38

Assissted feeding: methods x 3

Answer 38

appetite stimulation enteral feeding parental feeding

Question 39

parental feeding: route

Answer 39

nutrients that go IV

Question 40

enteral feeding: route

Answer 40

using GI tract to feed

Question 41

assisted feeding: route

Answer 41

tablets / injections used to persuade a patient to eat