Alimentary System Review

Question 1

Term for lacteal dilation, the most commonly reported cause of protein-losing enteropathy in dogs

Answer 1

Lymphangiectasia

Question 2

Primary diseases are rare in the oral cavity. What disease is the exception to this involving the tongue?

Answer 2

“Wooden Tongue” - Actinobacillosis; Chronic pyogranulomatous stomatitis caused by Actinobacillus ligniersii

Question 3

Name 3 infectious agents that may bring on, or be involved in, the pictured lymphoplasmacytic gingivitis and stomatitis

Answer 3

FeLV, FIV, and/or FCV

Question 4

Primarily seen in lambs and goat kids 3-6 mo, this disease manifests as pustular dermatitis at the corners of the mouth and clinical signs include the animals not suckling or grazing

Answer 4

Contagious Ecthyma

Question 5

Provide an MDx for the lesion and breed disposition

Answer 5

Fibrous hyperplasia;
boxers

Question 6

Give an MDx for the neoplastic lesion and the tissue of origin

Answer 6

Fibromatous epilus

origin: periodontal ligament

Question 7

Most common oral malignancy in dogs?

Answer 7

Oral melanoma
very aggressive, highly invasive

Question 8

Most common oral malignancy in cats?

Question 9

Quarter Horse gelding presents with marked emaciation. State the MDx.

Answer 9

Fibrosarcoma

Question 10

What 3 species share ventricular septal defects as at least one of their most common congenital heart defects?

Answer 10

cattle, sheep, and horses

Question 11

Most commonly seen in dogs, acquired megaesophagus is described as ____ and name 2 causes.

Answer 11

Diffuse (because the ligamentum arteriosum formed properly)

Idiopathic (in mature dogs mainly)
or Myasthenia gravis

Question 12

Dog with chronic vomiting and anorexia, and granulomatous nodules in the esophagus. EtDx?
Etiology?

Answer 12

• *Parasitic esophagitis**;
• Spirocerca lupi;*

can lead to neoplastic transformation/sarcomatous lesions (osteo/fibro-sarcomas) and Aortic rupture*

Question 13

Potential zoonosis. Name the agent and clinical significance.

Answer 13

Gongylonema pulchrum; no clinical consequence in ruminants

Question 14

S.lupi can result in this neoplasm. Give a MDx.

Answer 14

esophageal osteosarcoma

Question 15

Complications of ruminal acidosis. Describe the lesion.

Answer 15

Plaques and coalescing areas of necrosis on rumenal mucosa

Question 16

What is the main complication of F.necrophorum rumenitis?

Answer 16

liver abscesses

Question 17

6mo heifer with a history of grain overload. Categorize the rumenitis.

Answer 17

Mycotic; Aspergillus

hemorrhagic, angiocentric (submucosal venular thrombosis)

Question 18

Gastric Dilatation-volvulus is most common in large, deep-chested dogs like Rhodesian ridgeback breeds. Pathogenesis?

Answer 18

Strangulation of vascular outflow->distention->congestion-> venous infarction of the stomach

Question 19

Gastric dilation and rupture is most common in what species?
Describe the antemortem features.

Answer 19

Horses

edema and hemorrhage

Question 20

Cutaneous mast celltumors in dogs can lead to gastric ulcers. How?

Answer 20

Histamine released into blood–>binds to parietal cell receptors in stomach–>increase HCl secretion

Question 21

In the horse, why is the right dorsal colon predisposed to NSAID-induced gastric ulcers and erosion?

Answer 21

It’s the ONLY section of the colon with NET WATER SECRETION

Question 22

Abomasitis/Braxy in a lamb.

• Etiology?*
• *MDx**?

Answer 22

C.septicum;
necro-hemorrhagic abomasitis with submucosal emphysema

Question 23

Why is this lesion special and unique to one species?

Answer 23

Gastric squamous cell carcinoma in horses;
half of their stomach is covered by squamous type of mucosa
this is non-glandular

Question 24

This lesion is an extension of a gastric squamous cell carcinoma. What do we call it and how do we describe the route in which it metastasized?

Answer 24

• *Peritoneal carcinomatosis;**
• transcoelemic spread*

Question 25

Nodules on the glandular part of the stomach in a horse. MDx?

Answer 25

Gastric lymphosarcoma

Question 26

Abomasum of a cow: MDx for this lesion?

in cats, what is this lesion associated with?

Answer 26

Lymphosarcoma

In cats: Feline leukemia virus

Question 27

Etiology?
Clinical findings we would expect with this lesion?

Answer 27

S.typhimurium
megacolon, fecal retention, abdominal distention

Question 28

T or F:
This ulcerative, fibrinonecrotizing lesion is associated with chronic Salmonellosis.

Answer 28

False!
It’s associated with ACUTE salmonellosis

Question 29

Lungs from a horse. What type of pneumonia is this and what is it a sequel of?

Answer 29

Embolic mycotic pneumonia;
sequel of Salmonellosis

Question 30

In what species do we see button ulcers caused by chronic salmonellosis?

Answer 30

Pigs

Question 31

Porcine Proliferative Enteropathy, caused by Lawsonia intracellularis.
What is the MDx?

Answer 31

Proliferative ileitis

Question 32

Porcine Proliferative Enteropathy, caused by Lawsonia intracellularis.
what is the MDx?

Answer 32

Necrotic enteritis!

Question 33

Swine dysentery, caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae.
what is the MDx and what age is most susceptible?

Answer 33

Spirochetal colitis;
8-14 wo piglets

Question 34

Colon from a foal. What is the MDx?

Answer 34

Pyogranulomatous colitis

Question 35

• *MDx?**
• Etiology?*

Answer 35

• *Pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis**
• R.equi*

Question 36

5 year old cow - bovine jejunum. What is the etiological agent and MDx?

Answer 36

• Mycobacterium avium ssp.paratuberculosis*
• *Chronic granulomatous enteritis**

*ileocecal valve usually affected*

Question 37

Johne’s dz in a goat.
MDx?

Answer 37

Granulomatous lymphangitis with lymphangiectasia