Alimentary Controls Flashcards
what are the somatic (voluntary) nerves that control the alimentary system
sensory and motor
what are the autonomic (involuntary) nerves that control the alimentary system
sympathetic and parasympathetic
what hormones contribute to the alimentary system?
cholecystokinin, gastrin, gastric inhibitory peptide, secretin
where does gastrin come from and what does it do?
it comes from G cells and it stimulates parietal cells to increase secretion of hydrochloric acid
what does gastric inhibitory peptide do and where is it produced?
cause an increase in insulin secretion from pancreas and is produced in the duodenum
where is secretin produced and what does it do?
it is produced in the duodenum and it reduces gastric acid secretion and increases HCO3 from pancreas
what is secreted in the oral cavity?
saliva
what is the motility in the mouth and pharynx?
chewing and swallowing
which parts of the alimentary system is under somatic control?
mouth and recto-anal canal
which parts of the alimentary system is under autonomic control?
stomach, small intestine and large intestine
what nerves control taste (gustation)
CN VII (facial) and CN IX (glossopharnygeal)
what nerve controls smell (olfaction)
CN I (olfactory nerve)
what nerve controls chewing and the loading of periodontal ligaments?
CN V (trigeminal)
what is the biggest salivary stimuli?
chemical - the TASTE of food
what muscles are involved in chewing?
jaw, facial, tongue muscles
what type of control is chewing?
skeletal controlled by somatic nerves (voluntary)
what nerves control chewing?
CN V (trigeminal), VII (facial) and XII (hypoglossal)
what muscles are involved in swallowing?
jaw, tongue and pharyngeal muscles
what type of control is swallowing?
skeletal controlled by somatic nerves
what nerves control swallowing?
CN V (trigeminal), IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus), XII (hypoglossal)
what type of muscle is present in the oesophagus?
mix of skeletal and smooth muscle
what nerve controls the oesophagus?
CN X (vagus)
what does the stomach secrete?
gastric juice
what motility movements does the stomach undertake?
filling, relaxation, mixing, propulsive, peristalsis and emptying