Algorithmic composition and minimalism

Question 1

What is automated composition?

Answer 1

Instead of entering notes manually onto a score or sequencer view, composers design a process or algorithm to generate the notes programmatically.

Question 2

What is an algorithm?

Answer 2

A set of instructions to solve a problem - they can be ‘executed’ by any ‘processor’ capable of reading them - i.e. humans or computers.

Question 3

Describe a formal algorithm.

Answer 3

The process should be designed
 to be clear and unambiguous.

- Computers require precise, formal descriptions, to be able to
 read and execute instructions.

Question 4

Describe an abstract algorithm.

Answer 4

The process should apply to a variety of situations – the algorithm is a generic, useful tool

• Allows computers / programmers to do more with less code.
• Allows humans to communicate general ideas and techniques
(e.g. teach!)

Question 5

Describe Minimalism in music.

Answer 5

Minimal’ refers to the process, not the music itself
The process is simple, but the resulting music (and
aesthetic effect) can be complex, intricate, and ornate.
- Sometimes called “process-based music”.

Question 6

What are common elements of minimalist music?

Answer 6

Slow progressions, automatic harmonisation, repetitive/evolving patterns.

• Techniques often generates textures, rather than melodies.
• Often based on traditional tonal harmonies.
• Not just pitch-based, but also time, rhythm, timbre, etc.

Question 7

Give some notable artists of minimalist music.

Answer 7

Steve Reich, Arvo Part, Philip Glass