Alexander III Flashcards
Alexander III [1881-1893]
eco
Poland Industry
• 1890s Poland is important in fueling Russia’s industrialization as a whole
– by 1890 Poland made up 14% of Russia’s raw iron
– 14% of Russia’s iron
– 23% of Russias steel
– 40% of Russia’s coal
• 1881-1891 raw iron ▲ in production by 480%
– Steel + iron ▲ production by 1050%
Alexander III [1881-1893]
gov
poland rise of Marxism
• due to the increase in industrialization in Poland there was also ▲ in workers views gravitating towards Marxism
• this is seen in 1892 with the establishment of the Polish socialist party
• 1893 SD party forms = Nat dem group all parties in 1st/2nd Duma (thats later)
• political parties at this time are still illegal till 1905
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Gov Finnland
Need for leadership
Aiii decided for a need of More of a Leadership role in Finnish affairs and starts to impose measures in Finnland breaking the Aii idea of only Finn affairs in russia involving the Tsar
so wants to make all finn more Russ
so does Russification
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Culture Finnish (+gov)
Russification
• Alienates Loyal and Co-op Finns
• 1891: Russ Offical Language in select Gov Depts
– Russians in Finnish cival service
– Restricts finn Culture e.g. Language
– Leads to rise of opp: Young Finns (Gov)
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Religion Baltics
Orthodoxisation
The Lutherian church (German nobels owe it) peasnts convert to orthodox cuz they dislike German nobles
Replaced Lutherians with orthodox = easy as leagal to convert to orthodox but not from it = 1 way trap
Also German language repplased with Russian as this happened
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Culture Baltics
Russification
1885: Baltic schools ctrl by Tsar Ed minister
1887 law = Russ language in Ed is absalute
many Ed institutes renamed to russian
1889 = russ language in Law
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Cen Asia Eco+gov+culture
Why Expand to Asia??
• Russia take Asia in 1880s
– cuz cent Asia = ▲ living + working space for ▲№ of Euro peasants who demanding land
= fix issue
(Eco/Cul)
• region was developed for cotton cultivation = Raw matirials for textile factorys in russ
(Eco)
• Cent Asia territory borders Afghanistan, india and china so = possible future expansion
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Cen Asia Eco+gov+culture
Why Expand to Asia??
• Russia take Asia in 1880s
– cuz cent Asia = ▲ living + working space for ▲№ of Euro peasants who demanding land
= fix issue
(Eco/Cul)
• region was developed for cotton cultivation = Raw matirials for textile factorys in russ
(Eco)
• Cent Asia territory borders Afghanistan, india and china so = possible future expansion
Alexander III [1881-93]
Cent Asia [Eco + cul]
Russification? Stepp Statute
• No Russ cuz Too complex societys already exist = difficult to Communicate and transport and mold into russian
[Cul]
Did try tho:
Stepp Statute 1891:
– grants 40 acers to peasnt settlers to est farms
- land given wasnt big enough for natives to est their nomadic farm style of farms
[Eco]
Alexander III [1881-93]
Cent Asia (Religion)
Russification of religion in Cent asia
• Islam = ▲ in Asia
Tsar = respected it
no russ of Islam
cuz too far away + too difficult to change into Orthodox
cuz unlike in Europe, Islam ≠ variation of Christianity so much more difficult to change it
Alexander III [1881-93]
Ukr [Cul]
Continue Russification
• continued roastification of Ukraine with increasing the use of Russian language in law, and, lit etc
Alexander III [1881-93]
Ukr [Gov]
Rev Ukr Party and the Okhrana
• the revolutionary Ukrainian party who supports nationalism + opposes Tsar = deemed illegal + removed by Okrana
Alexander III [1881-93]
Cauc [Rel + Cul]
Russification, Orthodoxisation
• due to the religious divisions and low literacy in the caucuses region
sim 2 father Alexander II rossification and orthodoxisation of the church and government departments, education etc
= very easy and continued throughout Alexander III’s reign
With the caucuses religions being forced into Orthodox this time
× just suggested
Alexander III [1881-93]
Cauc [Gov]
Sultan relations
• due to the location of the caucuses it allowed Alexander III to have good relations with the Sultan of Turkey in areas such as Armenia
= ▲ relations
Alexander III [1881-93]
Jews
Pogroms + may laws
• Jewish attacks called pogroms occurred after Alexander II assassination in 1881
in 1882 A III passes loads of repressive laws called the May laws
