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S & F 4 Test 2 > Aldridge- Pelvic Vasculature > Flashcards

Aldridge- Pelvic Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

What does the internal iliac artery supply blood to (x4)

A

Pelvic viscera

Pelvic walls

Perineum

Gluteal region

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2
Q

What are the branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac muscle?

(X3)

A

Iliolumbar

Lateral sacral

Superior gluteal

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3
Q

The lateral sacral artery (a branch off of the internal iliac artery) passes ______ to the sacrum.

A

Anterior

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4
Q

Describe the course of the lateral sacral artery

A

The lateral sacral artery branches from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. It passes anterior to the sacrum, and then sends branches into the anterior sacral foramina to supply radicular branches to the anterior spinal artery

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5
Q

What does the iliolumbar artery arise from and what does it supply blood to ?

A

The iliolumbar artery arrises from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. It supplies blood to the lower lumbar region and the iliac fossa.

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6
Q

Explain the course of the superior gluteal artery

A

The superior gluteal artery arises from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. It passes posteriorly, between the lumbosacral trunk (ant rami L4, L5) and Ramus S1. It then exits the pelvis thru the greater sciatic foramen (superior to piriformis muscle) to supply gluteal muscles

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7
Q

How does the internal iliac artery terminate?

A

As the internal pudendal artery and inferior gluteal artery

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8
Q

Explain the course of the obturator artery

A

The obturator artery is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac A (75% of times). It travels laterally along pelvic wall w/ obturator nerve then goes thru obturator foramen to supply the muscles of the medial thigh

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9
Q

What is formed form the obliterated part of the umbilical artery

A

The medial umbilical ligament

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10
Q

Describe the course of the umbilical artery.

A

Branch of anterior division of internal iliac artery. The patent, proximal part of the umbilical artery sends 2-3 superior vesical arteries that supply the upper part of urinary bladder.

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11
Q

The inferior vesical artery is found only in _____

A

Males

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12
Q

What does the inferior vesical artery (branch of anterior division of internal iliac) supply

A

This artery is only found in males

Supplies the base (posterior) part of the urinary bladder, prostate, and seminal vesicles

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13
Q

The middle rectal artery is a branch off of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. It is often absent, especially in females, and in males can arise from the inferior vesical artery. What does this artery supply?

A

Lower rectum

Prostate

Seminal vesicals

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14
Q

What is the vaginal artery a branch of and what does it supply?

A

Branch of anterior division of internal iliac artery

Sides of vagina

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15
Q

Uterine artery passes _____ to ureter

A

Superior

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16
Q

Course of the uterine artery?

A

This is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery.

Crosses superior to the ureter, lateral to the cervix, to enter the broad ligament of uterus.

17
Q

In hysterectomy, what structure do you have to be careful not to ligate and sever when ligating the uterine artery?

A

The ureter, which runs inferior to the artery.

18
Q

Explain the course of the inferior gluteal artery.

A

The inferior gluteal artery is a branch of the anterior division of the internal thoracic artery. It passes posteriorly, between the ant rami of S1/S2 or S2/S3. It then goes between the piriformis and coccygeal muscles and supplies the gluteal region

19
Q

Explain the course of the internal pudendal artery

A

Branch of the ant div int liliac, courses between piriformis and coccygeus muscles, thru sciatic foramen into gluteal region, the travels inferiorly, posterior to ischial spine, goes thru lesser sciatic foramen and supplies the structures of the perineum

20
Q

What are the boundaries of the perinuem?

A

Anterior - pubic symphisis

Posterior coccyx

Lateral; pubic arches, ischial rami, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligament

21
Q

Innervation to the external anal sphincter

A

Inferior rectal nerve

Voluntary control

22
Q

What is the anorectal ring?

A

A palpable landmark during rectal exam

Composed of deep part of external anal sphincter, puborectalis, and internal anal sphincter

Determines continence of pt

23
Q

What are the anal columns?

A

A characterisstic vertical fold of mucous membrane which contains the superior rectal vessels and is the location of the portal-caval anastamoses

24
Q

Where is the portal-caval anastamoses in the anus?

A

At the anal columns

25
Q

Where is somatic sensory information traveling from below the pectinate line of the anal canal?

A

Travels on the inferior rectal nerve which is a branch of the pudendal nerve

26
Q

Varicosities of tributaries of superior rectal veins in anal columns covered by mucous membrane of anal columns

A

Internal hemorrhoids

27
Q

Varicosities of tributaries of inferior rectal veins covered by skin

Very painful due to innervation being from somatic fibers of inferior rectal nerve

A

External hemorrhoids

28
Q

Explain what happens in perianal abscess

A

Anal valves can become torn due to chronic constipation which has hard stool. This can lead to infection of anal canal and can form a fistula thru wall of anal canal into ischiorectal fossa.

Infection can spread from one side to the other

Can also spread anterior into the anterior recess of the ischiorectal fossa to affect urogenital structures

29
Q

Boundaries of the urogenital triangle

A

Posterior - imaginary line drawn between the ischial tuberosities

Lateral; inferior rami of pubis and ramus of ischium

30
Q

What are the contents of the deep perineal pouch (male)

A

Deep transverse perineal muscle

Sphincter urethrae (voluntary sphincter of urethra)

Membranous urethra

Bulbourethral glands

Internal pudendal artery, vein, and nerve branches

31
Q

What are the contents of the deep perineal pouch? (Female)

A

Deep transverse perineal muscle

Sphincter urethrae (voluntary sphincter of urethra)

Urethra

Vagina

Internal pudendal artery, vein and nerve branches

32
Q

The space in the urogenital triangle that is between the inferior fascial layer of the urogenital diaphragm and the superficial perineal fascia

A

Superficial perineal pouch

33
Q

Contents of the superficial perineal pouch?

A

Root of penis and clitoris

Greater vestibular glands (female)

Muscles:

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

Bulbospongiosus

Ischiocavernous muscle

34
Q

Where can extravasated urine enter in rupture of the penile urethra?

A

Superifical perineal pouch and scrotum

Anterior abdominal wall

35
Q

Lumbar splanchinc nerves contain:

A

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers

S & F 4 Test 2 (15 decks)

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