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CHEMISTRY > Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids and Esters (TOPIC 15) > Flashcards

Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids and Esters (TOPIC 15) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functional group of Alcohols?

A

-OH

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2
Q

What is the general formula of alcohols?

A

CnH2n+1OH

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3
Q

What are the first four alcohols?

A

Methanol
Ethanol
Propanol
Butanol

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4
Q

What are the properties of alcohols?

A

Flammable - undergo complete combustion in air
Soluble - dissolve in water to form a neutral solution
And can be oxidised to form carboxylic acids

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5
Q

What happens when ethanol is heated with Potassium dichromate (VI) in dilute sulfuric acid - (Acidified potassium dichromate VI)

What do you observe?

A

Oxidisation and ethanoic acid is produced.

Colour change as potassium dichromate turns from orange to green as it oxidises the alcohol

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6
Q

Name 2 ways ethanol can be produced?

What are the requirements?

A

Ethane + water (Addition Reaction) - 300C + 60-70 atm + phosphoric acid catalyst

Fermentation of glucose (Anaerobic Respiration) - No oxygen , 30-40C , Yeast cells (catalyst)

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6
Q

What are the uses of alcohols?

A

As they are flammable they are used as fuels.

As solvents in industry as they can dissolve things that water cannot.

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7
Q

What is the molecular formula for Ethanol?

A

C2H5OH

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8
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of addition reaction to make ethanol?

A

Ethene is cheap and the reaction is cheap and efficient

Crude oil which is how get ethane is a non renewable resource

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9
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of fermentation?

A

Raw material (glucose - sugar cane) are renewable resources
Yeast is also easy to grow

The ethanol produced is not very concentrated so it needs to be distilled to increase its strength and then purified.

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10
Q

Write the symbol equation for the addition reaction of Ethene + Steam

A

C2H4 +H2O -> C2H5OH

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11
Q

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?

A

-COOH

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12
Q

What happens when an aqueous carboxylic acid and a metal carbonate are reacted?

A

Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

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13
Q

What happens when an aqueous carboxylic acid reacts with a metal?

A

Salt + Hydrogen

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14
Q

What is formed when ethanol is oxidised?

What is also require and what do you observe?

A

Ethanoic acid

Potassium Dichromate VI in sulfuric acid

Potassium dichromate turns from orange to green as it oxidises the ethanol

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15
Q
A
16
Q

What are the conditions for addition polymerisation of an alkene?

A

Catalyst and pressure

17
Q

Why are polymers hard to get rid of?

A

They don’t biodegrade easily because they’re inert.

Burning them can release toxic gases

CHEMISTRY (19 decks)

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