Alcohols and Oxidation of Alcohols Flashcards
what are the 3 types of alcohols
primary, secondary and tertiary
what does R mean?
repeating carbon chain
position of OH in primary alcohol
joined to the end of a carbon chain (attached to carbon with 1 other carbon bonded
position of OH in secondary alcohol
joined to an intermediate carbon atom (attached to a carbon with 2 other carbons bonded)
position of OH in tertiary alcohol
joined to an intermediate carbon which also has a branch attached (attached to a carbon with 3 other carbons bonded)
alternative definition of oxidation (not loss of electrons)
a loss of H or gain of oxygen (increasing oxygen to hydrogen ratio)
oxidation of primary alcohol
aldehyde and carboxylic acid
oxidation of secondary alcohol
ketone
oxidation of tertiary alcohol
no products formed
aldehyde functional group and location
carbonyl C=O at start-end
general formula of aldehydes
CnH2nO
name of aldeydes
- ends in ‘al’
2. does not contain a number to show where the functional group is because C=O is always at start
ketone functional group and location
carbonyl C=O located in the middle
general formula of ketones
CnH2nO n=3 or more
name of ketones
- ends in ‘one’
2. position of C=O functional group must be included in the name